Table 4.

Currently commercially available robotic systems

System	Developer	Special Features	Clinical Use
Da Vinci® Xi 4th generation	Intuitive Surgical (Sunnyvale, US)	4 arms on single cart, 8mm instruments, finger-tip control endo-wrist with 7 d.o.f, closed 3D-HD console	Minimally invasive surgery FDA/CE approved Worldwide use
Mako RIO surgical system	Stryker orthopaedics (Kalamazoo, US)	Haptic feedback, single cart robotic arm, milling device	Orthopaedics, FDA approval for hip and partial/total knee arthroplasty in 2008
Navio surgical system	Smith and Nephew (US)	Handheld semi-active handheld device, guides milling based on preoperative imaging, live tracking	Orthopaedics, FDA approval 2012 for total and partial knee arthroplasty
Mazor Renaissance	Mazor Robotics (Israel)	CT image analysis with fluoroscopic registration, mounted guide for 1.5mm precision of intervention	Orthopaedics, FDA approval 2011
Sensei X robotic system	Hansen Medical (US)	Remote workstation, Mechanically driven catheter delivery	Cardiac intervention, FDA approval 2007
Niobe Magnetic Navigation system	Sterotaxis (USA)	Remote work station, magnetically driven catheter delivery	Cardiac intervention, FDA approval 2003
Amigo Remote Catheter system	Catheter Robotics	Remote control, mechanically driven catheter delivery	Cardiac intervention, FDA approval 2012
Magellan Robotic system	Hansen medical (US)	Remote workstation, mechanically driven catheter delivery	Peripheral vascular intervention, FDA approval 2012
Corpath 200 System	Corindus Vascular Robotics	Remote workstation, mechanically driven catheter delivery	Cardiac intervention, FDA Approval 2012