Table 4.

Results of regression analysis to estimate the PCMH impact on direct health care expenditure and use^a

Category	Estimate PCMH vs no PCMH	95% CI		P-value
Total expenditures $	0.89	0.81	0.99	0.03
Office-based expenditures $	0.86	0.77	0.96	0.01
Outpatient expenditures $	0.81	0.74	0.98	0.03
ED expenditures $	0.92	0.76	1.11	0.39
Inpatient expenditures $	0.83	0.65	1.06	0.10
Prescription expenditures	0.99	0.86	1.13	0.88
Other medical expenses $	0.89	0.73	1.09	0.29
Office-based visits	0.86	0.80	0.93	0.0004
Outpatient visits	0.86	0.81	0.91	0.001
ED visits	0.98	0.97	1.00	0.31
Inpatient stays	0.87	0.64	1.19	0.054
Prescriptions	0.98	0.94	1.02	0.45

Note:

^aAdjusted for age, sex, race, education years, census region, family income, employment status, health insurance, self-reported health, and calendar year.

Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; PCMH, patient-centered medical home.