(A) The presence (dark blue boxes) or absence (light grey boxes) of B1 biosynthesis genes (with the “Thi” prefix) and a set of genes expected in all bacteria (with the “COG” prefix) (105) in 30 LMO MAG clusters. The number of MAGs within a MAG cluster is shown in brackets at the right of its taxonomic ID. The MAG cluster (BACL) ID number is given within parenthesis and the taxonomic affiliations are as described earlier (28). acI, Actinobacteria clade acI; acIV, Actinobacteria clade acIV; Act, Actinobacteria; Alp, Alphaproteobacteria; Bac, Bacteroidetes; Bet, Betaproteobacteria; Cryo, Cryomorphaceae; Cya, Cyanobium; Cyan, Cyanobacteria; Fla, Flavobacteriaceae; Gam, Gammaproteobacteria; LD19, Verrucomicrobia subdivision LD19; Luna, Actinobacteria clade Luna; Nit, Nitrosopumilus; Opit, Opitutacae; Rho, Rhodobacteraceae; SAR11, SAR11 clade; SAR86, SAR86 clade; SAR92, SAR92 clade; Sphi, Sphingobacteriales; Tha, Thaumarchaeota; Ver, Verrucomicrobia. The Cyanobium MAG cluster (Cya) (30) is marked with an asterisk indicating it was not counted as a B1-auxotrophic cluster because it consists of a single MAG with 79.2% estimated completeness, and B1 auxotrophy is uncommon in cyanobacteria (7). (B) Twenty-eight different B1-related genotype profiles (unique repertoires of B1-related genes denoted P1–28 at the bottom of the figure) occurred in at least 3 of 603 near-complete (≥90%) Tara Oceans MAGs. The top grid indicates the presence (dark boxes) or absence (white boxes) of genes within each unique profile. All B1-related genes were surveyed using protein models (SI Appendix, Table S1), but only those detected are shown. In the lower grid, the taxa-specific prevalence (%) of each B1 profile is represented by color and by number within the grid. Phylum/class abbreviations are as in A or as follows: Bathy, Bathyarchaeota; Chl, Chloroflexi; Chlam, Chlamydiae; Cyano, Cyanobacteria; Del, Deltaproteobacteria; Gem, Gemmatimonadetes; Ign, Ignavibacteriae; Kir, Kiritimatiellaeota; Mar, Marinimicrobia; PclassB, Proteobacteria novel Class B; Pla, Planctomycetes; Por, Poribacteria; Spi, Spirochaetes. The number of MAGs within a MAG cluster is shown in parentheses at the right of its taxonomic ID.