Table 3.

Changes in Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressures (BP) by Tertile of NDI for the DHS Population, 2000–2009 (N=1174)

	Unadjusted		Model 1*		Model 2†
	Estimate (SE)	p-value	Estimate (SE)	p-value	Estimate (SE)	p-value
Systolic BP
Low NDI (ref)
Medium NDI	4.18 (1.25)	0.0009	4.54 (1.35)	0.0008	4.81 (1.39)	0.0005
High NDI	7.56 (1.46)	<0.0001	7.33 (1.52)	<0.0001	7.64 (1.55)	<0.0001
Diastolic BP
Low NDI (ref)
Medium NDI	2.14 (0.62)	0.0006	2.51 (0.70)	0.0004	2.61 (0.71)	0.0003
High NDI	4.24 (0.66)	<0.0001	4.51 (0.77)	<0.0001	4.64 (0.78)	<0.0001

Note: Referent (ret) = Low NDI; SE = standard error

^*Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, race, income, education, smoking, physical activity, BMI, use of anti-hypertensive medications at follow-up, years in neighborhood, moving status, and Heckman correction factor.

^†Model 2: Adjusted for Model 1 covariates and total perceptions of neighborhood environment (violence, physical environment, and social cohesion)