Table 1:
VA Users with New Episodes of PTSD Care from 2008 to 2013, by Receipt of an Adequate Trial of an Effective Mediation for PTSD and by Availability of Time-constrained Outcome Measurement as Measured with the PTSD Checklist
| Overall (491,040) |
Qualifying Trial 29.0% (142,276) |
Plus Measurement 0.6% (2,931) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic Characteristics | |||
| Age, M (SD) | 48.5 (16.0) | 48.4 (15.1) ** | 40.2 (12.8) ## |
| Men, % (n) | 90.7 (445,583) | 89.5 (127,282) ** | 87.9 (2,577) # |
| Married, % (n) | 52.7 (258,764) | 54.2 (77,177) ** | 56.6 (1,660) # |
| White Non-Hispanic, % (n) | 63.5 (311,756) | 65.5 (93,154) ** | 64.0 (1,876) # |
| Black Non-Hispanic, % (n) | 19.1 (93,666) | 18.1 (25,799) ** | 16.7 (490) |
| Hispanic, % (n) | 8.1 (39,827) | 7.9 (11,303) * | 11.1 (322) ## |
| OEF/OIF/OND Veteran, % (n) | 34.9 (171,364) | 33.9 (48,228) ** | 69.2 (2,028) ## |
| Rural, % (n) | 35.0 (171,644) | 36.7 (52,202) ** | 35.0 (1,025) # |
| Homeless, % (n) | 5.4 (26,574) | 5.8 (8,295) ** | 5.0 (148) |
| Combat Exposure, % (n) | 28.6 (140,344) | 27.7 (39,458) ** | 28.8 (845) |
| Sexual Trauma while in Military, % (n) | 9.3 (45,803) | 10.6 (15,091) ** | 12.4 (362) # |
| VA Disability Level 70 or greater, % (n) | 55.6 (273,242) | 60.4 (85,925) ** | 68.2 (1,998) ## |
| Service Use Characteristics | |||
| Plurality of Care at a VA Medical Center, % (n) | 60.4 (296,563) | 60.5 (86,069) | 65.4 (1,916) ## |
| Plurality of Care at a Community Based Outreach Clinic, % (n) | 30.8 (151,106) | 30.6 (43,585) | 23.4 (686) ## |
| Medication was from a primary care prescriber, % (n) | 4.2 (20,436) | 8.8 (12,671) ** | 7.4 (216) # |
| Medication was from a mental health prescriber, % (n) | 38.3 (187,999) | 84.6 (120,387) ** | 86.7 (2,541) ## |
| Primary Care Visits, M (SD) | 3.3 (3.2) | 3.6 (3.3) ** | 3.7 (3.0) |
| Any Individual Psychotherapy, % (n) | 86.5 (424,983) | 89.8 (127,761) ** | 98.5 (2,886) ## |
| All Individual Psychotherapy Visits, M (SD) | 6.5 (7.9) | 7.6 (8.6) ** | 16.2 (11.6) ## |
| Individual Evidence Based Therapy Sessions, M (SD) | 0.6 (2.3) | 0.6 (2.3) | 3.4 (5.0) ## |
| Has any Group Psychotherapy, % (n) | 34.8 (170,816) | 36.9 (52,478) ** | 61.9 (1,815) ## |
| All Group Psychotherapy Visits, M (SD) | 5.2 (15.5) | 6.2 (17.5) ** | 13.7 (26.6) ## |
| Group Cognitive Processing Therapy, M (SD) | 0.6 (2.6) | 0.7 (2.7) ** | 2.4 (4.6) ## |
| Other Mental Health Visits, M (SD) | 8.5 (10.1) | 10.6 (10.8) ** | 15.4 (13.8) ## |
| Substance Abuse/Detox Visits, M (SD) | 1.8 (11.1) | 2.2 (12.1) ** | 3.8 (16.4) ## |
| Comorbid Diagnoses | |||
| Pain Disorder, % (n) | 64.9 (318,802) | 69.4 (98,764) ** | 76.0 (2,228) ## |
| Headache Disorder, % (n) | 25.1 (123,441) | 28.8 (40,922) ** | 41.8 (1,224) ## |
| Psychotic Disorders, % (n) | 4.2 (20,682) | 4.7 (6,748) ** | 3.5 (102) ## |
| Bipolar Mood Disorders, % (n) | 6.2 (30,560) | 6.5 (9,223) ** | 5.8 (169) |
| Depressive Mood Disorders, % (n) | 60.3 (296,071) | 71.4 (101,557) ** | 79.6 (2,332) ## |
| Non-PTSD Anxiety Disorders, % (n) | 28.5 (139,779) | 33.0 (46,940) ** | 43.2 (1,267) ## |
| Traumatic Brain Injury and Cognitive Disorders, % (n) | 13.4 (65,834) | 14.7 (20,882) ** | 27.3 (799) ## |
| Personality Disorders, % (n) | 3.9 (18,959) | 4.8 (6,873) ** | 5.0 (148) |
| Nicotine Dependence, % (n) | 39.0 (191,712) | 41.9 (59,659) ** | 44.3 (1,299) # |
| Alcohol Dependence, % (n) | 22.6 (111,027) | 24.2 (34,485) ** | 30.0 (880) ## |
| Marijuana Dependence, % (n) | 3.2 (15,586) | 3.6 (5,094) ** | 4.8 (141) # |
| Opioid Dependence, % (n) | 3.2 (15,903) | 3.8 (5,436) ** | 4.4 (129) |
| Concurrent Medication Use | |||
| Other Antidepressant, % (n) | 63.3 (310,685) | 63.5 (90,308) | 69.6 (2,041) ## |
| Other Anticonvulsant, % (n) | 24.4 (119,808) | 30.1 (42,867) ** | 34.0 (996) ## |
| Lithium, % (n) | 1.4 (6,848) | 1.5 (2,152) ** | 2.1 (60) # |
| Antipsychotic, % (n) | 20.3 (99,698) | 26.8 (38,173) ** | 27.7 (813) |
| Sedative/Hypnotics, % (n) | 39.6 (194,681) | 49.1 (69,886) ** | 52.8 (1,548) # |
| Opioids, % (n) | 37.0 (181,788) | 42.7 (60,687) ** | 41.0 (1,203) # |
| Prazosin, % (n) | 18.6 (91,543) | 25.2 (35,842) ** | 43.8 (1,285) ## |
| Stimulants, % (n) | 2.5 (12,521) | 3.2 (4,482) ** | 4.4 (129) ## |
Note. PTSD=Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, M=mean, SD=standard deviation, OEF/OIF/OND=Operations Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom/New Dawn, VA= Department of Veterans Affairs
*
p<0.05
**
p<0.001 for Overall versus those with a Qualifying Trial
#
p<0.05
##
p<0.001 for those with a Qualifying Trial with versus without Measurement