. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: IEEE EMBS Int Conf Biomed Health Inform. 2018 Apr 9;2018:17–20. doi: 10.1109/BHI.2018.8333359

TABLE II.

Distribution of statistical features extracted from activity data of all groups.

Variable	Control-ICU, N=3	CCI, N=5	RR, N=6	Control-healthy, N=10	p^a
Mean of activity of the whole day	31.1 (22.8, 128)^b,d	140 (83.6, 168)^b,d	428 (313, 551)^b,c,e	1328 (1062, 1742)^c,d,e	<0.001
Standard deviation of activity of the whole day	137 (113, 308)^b,d	346 (249, 386)^b,d	701 (586, 990)^b,c,e	2049 (1663, 2107)^c,d,e	<0.001
M10	25513 (18571, 113443)^b,d	126226 (67371, 151684)^b,d	317549 (252610, 492412)^b,c,e	1398892 (1083188, 1685662)^c,d,e	<0.001
Time of M10	437 (369, 572)	491 (405, 568)	602 (517, 616)	513 (418, 580)	0.585
L5	984 (709, 11603)^d	12014 (10729, 17500)^b,d	59283 (43613, 73749)^c,e	23062 (21363, 26593)^c	0.002
Time of L5	389 (257, 515)^b	696 (571, 792)^b	298 (166 ,436)^b	49.9 (26.7, 78.2)^c,d,e	0.002
RA	0.84 (0.82, 0.90)	0.78 (0.78, 0.86)^b	0.74 (0.68, 0.81)^b	0.96 (0.95, 0.97)^c,d	0.001
RMSSD	143 (123, 327)^b,d	364 (253, 369)^b,d	760 (593, 912)^b,c,e	1297 (1149, 1447)^c,d,e	<0.001
RMSSD/SD	1.11 (1.09, 1.13)^b	1.05 (1.05, 1.07)^b	0.97 (0.91, 1.06)^b	0.66 (0.62, 0.69)^c,d,e	<0.001
Number of immobile minutes	1239 (1040, 1287)^b,d	1046 (1029, 1102)^b,d	651 (621, 682)^b,c,e	564 (517, 590)^c,d,e	<0.001

Control-ICU: non-sepsis ICU patients, CCI: chronic critical illness, RR: rapid recovery, control-healthy: healthy subjects. Data are median and interquartile range (25%, 75%) values.

Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance by ranks

significantly different from control-healthy patients (p<0.01)

significantly different from CCI patients (p<0.05)

significantly different from RR patients (p<0.05)

significantly different from control-ICU patients (p<0.05). N: number of patients. M10: activity over the 10-hour window with maximum activity. L5: activity over the 5-hour window with minimum activity. RA: relative amplitude (defined as $\frac{M 10 - L 5}{M 10 + L 5}$ ). RMSSD: root mean square of sequential of sequential differences. SD; standard deviation.