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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 19.
Published in final edited form as: Science. 2018 Oct 19;362(6412):339–343. doi: 10.1126/science.aau3301

Fig. 2. Rear contractility is necessary and sufficient for collective chemotaxis of Xenopus neural crest.

Fig. 2

(A) Above, examples of two neighboring cells with ablations (red arrowheads). Scale bar, 10 μm. Below, images of explants exposed to SDF1 gradients during ablations between the indicated times. For A to C, red: front actomyosin cable ablation; blue: rear actomyosin cable ablation. Scale bar, 50 μm. (B) Position of the front of explants during chemotaxis (means ± SEM); dashed line indicates when ablations begin. n = 6-8 clusters. (C) Chemotaxis index (means ± SEM) of clusters. n = 6-8 clusters. ***P ≤ 0.001 (two-tailed Student’s t-test); ns, not significant. (D to O) Experimental setup for treated explants (D, G, J and M), representative cluster tracks (E, H, K and N) and the distance migrated (means ± SEM) over times as indicated in Methods (F, I, L and O). n = 10-23 clusters (F), n = 10-11 clusters (I), n = 14-18 clusters (L), n = 11-12 clusters (O). ***P ≤ 0.001 (two-tailed Student’s t-test). Scale bar, 40 μm (E and K); 20 μm (H and N). Green box: initial illumination area; cross: initial cluster position. Top of all pictures is the rear.