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. 2018 Oct 9;7:e38281. doi: 10.7554/eLife.38281

Figure 1. Rod signal routing in the mammalian retina.

Figure 1.

(A) In the primary pathway, rod signals are routed through dedicated rod bipolar cells to AII amacrine cells. AII amacrine cells in turn transmit ‘On’ signals to On cone bipolar cells through dendro-axonal gap junctions and ‘Off’ signals to Off cone bipolar cells through glycinergic synapses. Cone bipolar signals are subsequently transmitted to retinal ganglion cells. (B) In the secondary pathway, rod transmit signals via gap junctions to cone axons, and hence the associated cone circuitry (Kolb, 1977; Schneeweis and Schnapf, 1995; Deans et al., 2002; Hornstein et al., 2005). (C) In the tertiary pathway, rods transmit signals directly to Off cone bipolar cell dendrites (Soucy et al., 1998; Hack et al., 1999; Tsukamoto et al., 2001). Plus and minus signs represent sign-conserving and sign-inverting synapses.