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. 2018 Oct 30;9:1515. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01515

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Copyright © 2018 Casas, Viola, Cedersund, Bolger, Karlsson, Carlhäll and Ebbers.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Model-based parameters characterizing the left ventricular time-varying elastance in the nine study subjects. Changes with dobutamine in maximal (E_max,LV) and passive diastolic elastance of the left ventricle (E_min,LV) are shown in (A,B). Individual changes in parameters describing the shape of the elastance are given in (C–F), as follows: (C) rate of ventricular contraction R_C,LV, (D) rate of ventricular relaxation R_R,LV, (E) ventricular systolic time constant shape parameter α_S,LV, and (F) ventricular diastolic time constant shape parameter α_D,LV. Each subject is represented with a different color, as indicated in the figure. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.