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Proposed model TG1-1 cells, in presence of ethanol and estrogen, activate its pro-survival AKT pathway, leading to enhanced secretion of pro-angiogenic factors, such as VEGF, eNOS and MMP9. These proangiogenic factors in turn act on SVEC4-10 endothelial cells resulting in enhanced activation of MEK thus leading to increased endothelial cell migration and tubulogenesis. Overall, the events described consequently lead to enhanced breast cancer angiogenesis and progression.
