Figure 3.

Simulated dosing data for drug X after patient titration to effect shows distinct subpopulations based on genetics. A shows the distribution of total daily dose among the aggregate population, suggesting a mostly normal distribution of doses. B shows population substructure on the basis of genetic variants in the gene responsible for metabolism of drug X for poor metabolizers (PMs), intermediate metabolizers (IMs), normal metabolizers (NMs), rapid metabolizers (RMs), and ultrapid metabolizers (UMs). Patients with decreased metabolism of drug X (PMs and IMs) have a lower effective dose, whereas patients with increased metabolism (RMs and UMs) require higher doses. This shows the utility of pharmacogenomics-based dosing in addition to clinical factors to identify subpopulations.