Table 2.
Changes in inflammatory markers, markers of mineral metabolism, bone markers, serum calcification propensity, and kidney function during control and treatment periods
| Variable | Control | Sodium Bicarbonate Treatment | Difference in Change Estimate (95% CI), P Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline Value | 6 wk | P Value | Baseline Value | 6 wk | P Value | ||
| Bicarbonate, mEq/L | 19.7±2.3 | 19.6±3.2 | 0.93 | 19.3±2.9 | 22.0±3.1 | <0.001 | 2.7 (0.9 to 4.6), <0.01 |
| hs-CRP, mg/dl | 3.2 (1.0–8.6) | 1.9 (1.0–16.0) | 0.37 | 2.7 (1.3–4.8) | 4.6 (1.3–9.4) | 0.15 | 0.2 (−0.4 to 0.9), 0.47 |
| IL-6, mg/dl | 8.3 (3.8–11.2) | 8.0 (4.6–21.3) | 0.22 | 7.0 (4.4–9.2) | 7.3 (4.7–11.2) | 0.76 | −0.2 (−0.4 to 0.05), 0.11 |
| Calcium, mg/dl | 9.4±0.4 | 9.2±0.5 | 0.13 | 9.2±0.5 | 9.3±0.5 | 0.39 | 0.2 (0.02 to 0.05), 0.03 |
| Phosphorus, mg/dl | 4.2±0.8 | 4.2±1.1 | 0.85 | 4.1±0.6 | 4.5±1.1 | 0.02 | 0.4 (0.03 to 0.8), 0.04 |
| Intact parathyroid hormone, pg/ml | 135 (72–266) | 149 (68–251) | 0.91 | 138 (86–251) | 167 (101–385) | 0.13 | 0.003 (−0.3 to 0.3), 0.89 |
| iFGF23, pg/ml | 240 (142–465) | 210 (171–678) | 0.68 | 228 (150–362) | 257 (176–832) | 0.03 | 0.3 (−0.02 to 0.5), 0.06 |
| T50, min | 280±45 | 275±34 | 0.64 | 233±58 | 225±94 | 0.77 | −3.1 (−52.4 to 45.3), 0.90 |
| C-telopeptide, ng/ml | 1.1±0.7 | 1.2±0.6 | 0.12 | 1.1±0.7 | 1.3±0.9 | 0.20 | 0.02 (−0.2 to 0.3), 0.87 |
| Procollagen type 1 N propeptide, ng/ml | 81±44 | 73±34 | 0.74 | 73±33 | 76±46 | 0.12 | 9.0 (−5.9 to 24.0), 0.23 |
| GFR, ml/min per 1.73 m2 | 24±8 | 23±9 | 0.42 | 25±8 | 23±10 | 0.12 | −0.9 (−4.2 to 2.3), 0.54 |
Values are expressed as mean±SD or median (interquartile range). To examine whether treatment by sodium bicarbonate has effect on these secondary outcomes, a study with crossover design was conducted and a mixed effects model was employed in data analysis. The P values were from the mixed effects model in testing the null hypothesis that the treatment does not have effect on any of the secondary outcomes. 95% CI, 95% confidence interval; hs-CRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; iFGF23, intact fibroblast growth factor 23.