Table 4.
Least squares mean differences and associations of 1-year changes in HOMA-IR with baseline metabolite values (n = 217).a
| Quartile 1 | Quartile 2 | Quartile 3 | Quartile 4 | P trendb | Change per SD | Pb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tryptophan | −0.89 (−1.26, −0.51) | −0.33 (−1.01, 0.35) | 0.42 (0.11,0.73) | 0.53 (0.32,0.75) | 0.24 | 0.67(0.46, 0.88) | <0.001 |
| Kynurenine | −0.31 (−0.90, 0.29) | −0.21 (−1.23, 0.80) | 0.32 (−0.21, 0.84) | 0.20 (−0.45, 0.86) | 0.32 | 0.13 (−0.18, 0.45) | 0.55 |
| Kynurenic acid | −0.53 (−1.28, 0.23) | −0.06 (−0.49, 0.38) | −0.15 (−0.42, 0.13) | 0.65 (−0.11, 1.41) | 0.24 | 0.35 (0.23, 0.47) | <0.001 |
| Quinolinic add | −0.24 (−0.97, 0.49) | 0.36 (−0.56, 1.28) | −0.11 (−0.70, 0.48) | −0.12 (−0.89, 0.64) | 0.96 | −0.01 (−0.37, 0.36) | 0.98 |
| 3-HAA | −0.43 (−1.29, 0.43) | 0.02 (−0.42, 0.46) | 0.53 (0.01, 1.06) | −0.05 (−0.36, 0.26) | 0.24 | 0.08 (−0.14, 0.30) | 0.55 |
| Kyn/Trp ratio | 0.31 (−0.18, 0.80) | −0.17 (−0.52, 0.19) | −0.16 (−0.75, 0.43) | −0.08 (−0.67, 0.51) | 0.53 | −0.18 (−0.34, −0.03) | 0.04 |
a
All models stratified by recruitment center and adjusted for age (years), sex (male, female), intervention group (control, MedDiet+EVOO, MedDiet+nuts), body mass index (kg/m2), smoking (never, current, former), leisure-time physical activity (metabolic equivalent tasks in minutes/day), dyslipidemia, hypertension, baseline HOMA-IR, and baseline HOMA-IR × baseline HOMA-IR.
b
Adjusted with the False Discovery Rate method.