Table 2.
Cross-sectional associations of serum cystatin C and impaired kidney function with prevalent geriatric depressive symptoms (n = 1440)
| Serum cystatin C or impaired kidney function | N/n | Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1a | Model 2a | Model 3a | ||
| Cystatin C, mg/L | ||||
| ≤ 1.00 | 768/119 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| 1.01–1.25 | 360/79 | 1.43 (1.03–1.98) | 1.40 (1.004–1.95) | 1.41 (1.009–1.97) |
| > 1.25 | 312/118 | 3.25 (2.39–4.42) | 3.30 (2.40–4.50) | 3.20 (2.32–4.41) |
| P for trend | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| Impaired kidney function | ||||
| No | 1070/176 | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| Yes | 370/140 | 3.07 (2.34–4.03) | 3.03 (2.30–4.01) | 2.95 (2.22–3.92) |
N/n indicates number of subjects/number of persons with depressive symptoms
Abbreviations: MMSE mini-mental state examination, ADL activities of daily living
aModel 1 was adjusted for age, sex, and education; model 2 was additionally adjusted for alcohol consumption, hypertension, stroke, heart disease, cataract, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, nephritis, and arthritis; and in model 3, MMSE score and ADL-disability were added to model 2