Table 6.
Reported occurrence of bovine cysticercosis in southern and eastern Africa: meat inspection studies
| Country | Period | Animals tested | Animals positive | Prevalence (%) (95% CI) |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Botswana | 1995 | na | na | na (9.1–12.6) | [80] |
| Ethiopia | 9/2004-8/2005 | 11,227 | 842 | 7.5 (7.0–8.0) | [81] |
| Ethiopia | 9/2005-2/2007 | 4456 | 824 | 18.5 (17.4–19.7) | [82] |
| Ethiopia | 10/2005-4/2006 | 400 | 105 | 26.3 (22.0–30.9) | [83] |
| Ethiopia | 12/2006-7/2007 | 3711 | 308 | 8.3 (7.4–9.2) | [34] |
| Ethiopia | 10/2007-3/2008 | 512 | 15 | 2.9 (1.6–4.8) | [84] |
| Ethiopia | 11/2007-4/2008 | 415 | 47 | 11.3 (8.4–14.8) | [45] |
| Ethiopia | 12/2007-2/2008 | 1023 | 74 | 7.2 (5.7–9.0) | [57] |
| Ethiopia | 11/2008-3/2009 | 500 | 22 | 4.4 (2.8–6.6) | [46] |
| Ethiopia | 10/2009-9/2010 | 898 | 177 | 19.7 (17.2–22.5) | [16] |
| Ethiopia | 11/2009-3/2011 | 400 | 48 | 12 (9.0–15.6) | [47] |
| Ethiopia | 2010 | 12,708 | 669 | 5.3 (4.9–5.7) | [37] |
| Ethiopia | 9/2010-9/2012 | 3055 | 126 organs | na | [35] |
| Ethiopia | 2011 | 34,674 | 3259 | 9.4 (9.1–9.7) | [37] |
| Ethiopia | 2012 | 10,363 | 803 | 7.7 (7.2–8.3) | [37] |
| Ethiopia | 10/2012-4/2013 | 745 | 21 organs | na | [35] |
| Ethiopia | 2013 | 5172 | 247 | 4.8 (4.2–5.4) | [37] |
| Ethiopia | 11/2013-4/2014 | 384 | 10 | 2.6 (1.3–4.7) | [15] |
| Ethiopia | 11/2013-5/2014 | 3675 | 40 organs | na | [36] |
| Ethiopia | 05/2014-6/2014 | 439 | 23 | 5.2 (3.3–7.8) | [85] |
| Ethiopia | 12/2014-4/2015 | 384 | 10 | 2.6 (1.3–4.7) | [49] |
| Ethiopia | na | 522 | 39 | 7.4 (5.4–10.1) | [33] |
| Ethiopia | na | 1022 | 64 | 6.3 (4.9–7.9) | [17] |
| Ethiopia | na | 1216 | na | 4.6 (na) | [48] |
| Kenya | 1974 | 77,810 | 6784 | 8.8 (8.5–8.9) | [86] |
| Kenya | 1975–1978 | na | na | < 6.0 (na) | [86] |
| Kenya | 1979–1983 | na | na | < 4.0 (na) | [86] |
| Kenya | 1984 | na | na | 1.8 (na) | [86] |
| Kenya | 1985–1990 | na | na | < 2.0 (na) | [86] |
| Kenya | 1991 | 315,801 | 3457 | 1.1 (1.06–1.13) | [86] |
| Kenya | 9/2006-1/2007 | 188 | 6 | 3.2 (1.2–6.8) | [87] |
| Kenya | na | 511 | 39 | 7.6 (5.5–10.3) | [88] |
| Kenya | na | 1184 | 189 | 16.0 (13.9–18.2) | [32] |
| Namibia | 2000 | 12,204 | 973 | 8.0 (7.5–8.5) | [89] |
| Namibia | 2001 | 7888 | 713 | 9.0 (8.4–9.7) | [89] |
| Namibia | 2002 | 10,561 | 798 | 7.6 (7.1–8.1) | [89] |
| Namibia | 2003 | 4411 | 347 | 7.9 (7.1–8.7) | [89] |
| Namibia | 2004 | 5309 | 401 | 7.6 (6.9–8.3) | [89] |
| Namibia | 2006 | 7085 | 435 | 6.1 (5.6–6.7) | [89] |
| Namibia | 2006 | 71,388 | 243 | 0.34 (0.30–0.39) | [89] |
| South Africa | 2009–2011 | 1,022,556 | 24,443 | 2.39 (2.36–2.42) | [90] |
| South Africa | 2010 | 356,006 | 2169 | 0.61 (0.58–0.64) | [91] |
| South Africa | 2011 | 349,458 | 2389 | 0.68 (0.66–071) | [91] |
| South Africa | 2012 | 348,309 | 1980 | 0.57 (0.54–0.59) | [91] |
| South Africa | 2013 | 361,232 | 3382 | 0.94 (0.91–0.97) | [91] |
| Tanzania | 1987–1989 | 42,434 | na | 16.4 (na) | [92] |
| Tanzania | 1/2002-4/2004 | 12,444 | 185 | 1.5 (1.3–1.7) | [93] |
| Tanzania | 2005 | na | 19 | 0.06 (na) | [94] |
| Tanzania | 2006 | na | 24 | 0.06 (na) | [94] |
| Tanzania | 2007 | na | 16 | 0.04 (na) | [94] |
| Tanzania | 2010 | 27,444 | 20 organs | na | [30] |
| Tanzania | 2/2010-1/2011 | 30,713 | 18 organs | na | [95] |
| Tanzania | 2011 | 30,671 | 0 organs | na | [30] |
| Tanzania | 2012 | 27,865 | 6 organs | na | [30] |
| Tanzania | 12/2013 | 2438 | 1 and 0.1% organs | na | [30] |
| Tanzania | na | na | 21 | na | [96] |
| Zambia | 2000 | 4629 | 1 | 0.02 (0.0005–0.12) | [31] |
| Zambia | 2001 | 9422 | 0 | 0 (0–0.04) | [31] |
| Zambia | 2002 | 10,147 | 2 | 0.02 (0.002–0.07) | [31] |
| Zambia | 2003 | 11,519 | 2 | 0.02 (0.002–0.06) | [31] |
| Zimbabwe | 1/2006-12/2007 | 86,080 | 1364 | 1.6 (1.5–1.7) | [97] |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; na, not available