Figure 6. . Effect of autophagy inducers on atazanavir antiretroviral activities.

Human MDM were infected with HIV-1_ADA at an MOI of 0.1 then treated with 1 μM nanoATV on 1 day before (A1–F1) and 1 (A2–F2) and 3 days (A3–F3) after infection. Culture supernatant fluids were collected sequentially after infection and HIV-1 RT activity was measured. Data are represented as mean ± SD for n = 8 samples per group. Means compared by two-way ANOVA showing effect of treatment by time p < 0.0001. Pairwise comparison were performed with Bonferroni post hoc tests for p < 0.05. ^ap< 0.0001, ^cp < 0.001 and ^ep < 0.01 (HIV-1 infected controls compared with nanoATV). ^bp < 0.0001, ^dp < 0.001 and ^fp < 0.01 (HIV-1 infected controls compared with nanoATV and autophagy inducers). ^gp< 0.0001, ^hp < 0.001 and ⁱp < 0.01 (nanoATV compared with nanoATV and autophagy inducers).

ATV: Atazanavir; MDM: Monocyte-derived macrophage; MOI: Multiplicity of infection; RT: Reverse transcriptase.