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. 2018 Nov 6;8:16427. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-34500-w

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Trichoderma-Arabidopsis interactions at low temperature. (A) T. atroviride (Ta) and T. virens (Tv) strains were inoculated in the direct and split system at 12 °C (scale bar corresponds to 2 cm). The phenotype was evaluated at 12 dpi. Physiological parameters were measured (B) fresh weight (n = 5), (C) primary root length (n = 15), and D) number of lateral roots per plant (n = 15); un-inoculated plants were used as a control. Barplots present mean ± SD values of dependent variables according to our experimental treatments. Letters refer to bootstrap pairwise two-sample robust tests, treatments without shared letters are significantly different.