Figure 5.

Chronic ethanol intake results in minor changes in mucosal microbial communities. Low quality, chimeric, and Cyanobacteria sequences were removed, reference OTU were selected at 97% similarity, and beta diversity calculations were performed using QIIME. n = 4/group. (A) The average abundance (% of total) of bacterial rRNA gene sequences at the phylum level in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of controls and ethanol-consuming male macaques. The % abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria are noted on the plots. (B) Principal component analysis (PCA) of weighted UniFrac values to examine beta diversity between controls and ethanol-consuming animals.