Table 2. Assessment of muscle and kidney injury biomarkers at baseline and at 2 and 24 hours after exercise.
| Baseline (T0) | 2 hours after HIIRT (T2) | 24 hours after HIIRT (T24) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Muscle injury markers | ||||
| CK (IU/L) | 123 [102–172] | 158 [124–238]a | 340 [196–4906]b,c | <0.0001 |
| Myoglobin (ng/ml) | 21.0 [21.0–29.8] | 88.6 [62.9–206.6]a | 39.1 [23.6–93.6]b | <0.0001 |
| Serum kidney injury marker | ||||
| SCr (mg/dl) | 0.91±0.17 | 0.90±0.17 | 0.94±0.23d | 0.0274 |
| Urine kidney injury markers | ||||
| UNGAL (ng/mgCr) | 18.5 [8.9–33.7]) | 33.4 [16.6–49.7]e | 15.3 [6.8–47.2] | <0.0001 |
| IL-18 (ng/mgCr) | 0.014 [0.007–0.029] | 0.026 [0.015–0.062a | 0.015 [0.016–0.043] | 0.0003 |
| μalbumin (μg/mgCr) | 4.3 [3.0–9.8] | 20.0 [7.2–29.9] a | 3.2 [1.6–6.3] | <0.0001 |
| Calbindin (ng/mgCr) | 27.4 [11.1–52.6] | 54.8 [30.9–88.1] a | 36.8 [21.2–59.9] | 0.0003 |
| TFF3 (ng/mgCr) | 347 [234–5162] | 508 [357–719] a | 339 ([210–531] | <0.0001 |
| β2M (ng/mgCr) | 80 [52–107] | 164 [76–327] a | 63 [36–82] | <0.0001 |
Values are the mean±SD or median (25–75% quartiles); HIIRT: high-intensity resistance training; RPE: rating of perceived exertion; CK: creatine phosphokinase; SCr: serum creatinine; UNGAL: urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; IL-18: interleukin 18; TFF3: trefoil factor-3; β2M: β-2 microglobulin.
a vs. T0 p<0.001
b vs. T0 p<0.001
c vs. T2 p<0.001
d vs. T2 p<0.05
e vs. T0 p<0.01.