Table 2. Prevalence and incidence of active lesions and scars of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
| Region | Author, Publication Year, [Ref] | Country, Location | Setting | Number of people screened | Prevalence CL (active lesion) | Prevalence CL scars | Incidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eastern Africa | Wilkins, 1972 [61] | Ethiopia, Meta Abo | Community | 1635 | 0.6% | 3.2% | 0.1% |
| Lemma, 1969 [62] | Ethiopia, highlands | Community | >2000 | 2.9% | 2.9% | ||
| Negera, 2008 [63] | Ethiopia, Silti (SNNPR) | Community | 1907 | 4.8%A | 0.3% | ||
| Mengistu, 1987 [64] | Ethiopia, Ocholo (southwest) | Community | 2689 | 6.0% | 40.0% | ||
| Mengistu, 1992 [49] | Ethiopia, Ocholo | Community | 3022 | 3.8% | 34.3% | ||
| Bsrat, 2015 [65] | Ethiopia, eastern Tigray | Community | 2106 | 7.1% | 6.9% | ||
| Bekele, 2014 [58] | Ethiopia, Addis Ababa | Hospital | 1651 | 14.2% | 3.5% | ||
| Sang, 1993 [66] | Kenya, Mt Elgon | Community | 1979A | 1,3% | |||
| Sang, 1993 [67] | Kenya,Nairobi+Rift Valley | Community | 3743 | 0.5% | 0.3% | ||
| Sang, 1994 [34] | Kenya, Utut | Community | 167 | 49.7% | 18.0% | ||
| Abdalla, 1978 [68] | Sudan, Shendi Atbara | Community | 308 | 36%B | |||
| Dispensaries | NA | 20–50% | |||||
| Kadaro, 1993 [48] | Sudan, Khartoum province | Community | 458 | 4.0% | 47.0% | ||
| Western Africa | Bamba, 2013 [57] | Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou | Hospital | 12708 | 2.0% C | ||
| Guiguemdé, 2003 [60] | Burkina Faso, Oudagougou | Hospital | 80 | 92.5% D | |||
| Keita, 2003 [59] | Mali, Bamako | Hospital | 320 | 78.0%E | 0.6% | ||
| Obasi, 1991 [69] | Nigeria, Kaduna | Hospital | 18000 | 0.1%F | |||
| Ngouateu, 2012 [70] | Cameroon, Mokolo (north) | Community | 32466 | 0.4% | 0.8% | ||
| Oliveira, 2009 [50] | Mali, Segou district (central) | Community | 1530 | 9.4% | |||
| Okwori, 2001 [71] | Nigeria, Kaduna | Community | 10226 | 3.9% | 3.0% | ||
| Ikeh, 1994 [72] | Nigeria, Keana | Community | 5046 | 3.9% | |||
| Dedet, 1979 [73] | Senegal, Thies region | Community | 1049 | 3.7% | 8.7% | 0.2% |
NA- Not Available;
A General survey outside the survey’s two villages yield prevalence of 0.1% (18/18528);
B This study was done during an outbreak (see text)
C During 1999–2007; 251 confirmed CL cases among all consultations in the Dermatology Service of University Hospital
D Confirmed CL amongst suspected cases (74/80). Also reports the prevalence of CL and HIV
E During 1997–2001; 251 confirmed CL cases among suspected file
F During 1979–1988; 21 CL cases among 18,000 dermatology consultations in Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital