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| Variable | MIDCAB (N=508), N (%) | Median sternotomy (N=160), N (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time of surgery (min ± SD) | 177±32 | 141±12 | 0.003 |
| Conversion to CPB | 0 | 1 (0.6) | 0.81 |
| Conversion to sternotomy | 3 (0.6) | 0 | 0.81 |
| Endoscopic LIMA harvest | 153 (30.1) | 0 | 0.001 |
| Off-pump | 508 (100.0) | 56 (35.0) | 0.001 |
CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; LIMA, left internal mammary artery; MIDCAB, minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass; SD, standard deviation.
