Table 2. Univariate analysis comparing leak rates of upfront surgery vs. neoadjuvant therapy.
| Variable | Non-PSM | PSM | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surgery/neoadjuvant leak (%) | OR* | 95% CI | P | Surgery/neoadjuvant leak (%) | OR* | 95% CI | P | ||
| Overall | 8.0/4.1 | 0.50 | 0.27–0.91 | 0.02 | 7.7/4.2 | 0.53 | 0.25–1.13 | 0.14 | |
| Year | |||||||||
| 1996–2000 | 10.0/2.0 | 0.19 | 0.02–1.55 | 0.12 | 8.2/2.5 | 0.29 | 0.03–2.47 | 0.25 | |
| 2001–2005 | 9.3/4.2 | 0.42 | 0.14–1.31 | 0.14 | 9.5/2.5 | 0.24 | 0.06–0.98 | 0.05 | |
| 2006–2010 | 5.8/5.6 | 0.96 | 0.32–2.85 | 0.94 | 6.3/6.9 | 1.11 | 0.33–3.79 | 0.87 | |
| After 2010 | 9.7/2.8 | 0.27 | 0.06–1.27 | 0.1 | 9.5/8.3 | 0.86 | 0.07–10.66 | 0.91 | |
| Histology | |||||||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 8.5/4.1 | 0.46 | 0.24–0.86 | 0.01 | 8.2/4.7 | 0.56 | 0.26–1.20 | 0.14 | |
| Squamous cell | 3.3/4.5 | 1.36 | 0.14–13.63 | 0.79 | 3.7/0 | – | – | – | |
| Location | |||||||||
| Middle | 0/3.6 | – | – | – | 0/7.1 | – | – | – | |
| Lower | 5.9/5.0 | 0.85 | 0.36–2.01 | 0.71 | 4.8/3.0 | 0.61 | 0.19–1.98 | 0.41 | |
| GEJ | 12.7/3.7 | 0.26 | 0.10–0.72 | 0.01 | 13.8/6.7 | 0.44 | 0.15–1.31 | 0.14 | |
| Technique | |||||||||
| Open TH | 16.7/11.8 | 0.67 | 0.16–2.75 | 0.57 | 13.8/7.4 | 0.50 | 0.08–2.98 | 0.45 | |
| Open IVL | 7.0/3.3 | 0.46 | 0.19–1.10 | 0.08 | 6.9/3.4 | 0.47 | 0.17–1.28 | 0.14 | |
| Open 3F | 0/25.0 | – | – | – | 0/66.7 | – | – | – | |
| Lap TH | 10.0/4.8 | 0.45 | 0.06–3.45 | 0.44 | 10.0/0 | – | – | – | |
| Lap TT | 0/5.6 | – | – | – | 0/5.0 | – | – | – | |
| RAIL | 10.7/0.9 | 0.08 | 0.01–0.78 | 0.03 | 14.3/0 | – | – | – | |
| Anastomosis | |||||||||
| Thoracic | 6.8/3.1 | 0.44 | 0.21–0.91 | 0.03 | 6.8/3.4 | 0.49 | 0.19–1.23 | 0.13 | |
| Cervical | 13.0/9.8 | 0.73 | 0.25–2.13 | 0.56 | 11.5/7.4 | 0.61 | 0.16–2.31 | 0.47 | |
| Diabetes | |||||||||
| No | 8.0/3.4 | 0.40 | 0.20–0.80 | 0.01 | 8.0/3.6 | 0.42 | 0.18–1.00 | 0.05 | |
| Yes | 8.1/8.0 | 0.99 | 0.24–4.06 | 0.99 | 5.7/8.6 | 1.55 | 0.24–9.88 | 0.64 | |
| BMI | |||||||||
| 18.5–25 | 14.8/4.4 | 0.27 | 0.09–0.75 | 0.01 | 14.8/0 | – | – | – | |
| 25.1–30 | 5.3/1.8 | 0.33 | 0.08–1.41 | 0.13 | 5.3/3.2 | 0.59 | 0.14–2.53 | 0.47 | |
| >30 | 5.8/7.2 | 1.27 | 0.44–3.68 | 0.66 | 5.8/7.7 | 1.36 | 0.45–4.07 | 0.58 | |
*, surgery as reference. PSM, propensity score match; GEJ, gastroesophageal junction; TH, transhiatal; IVL, Ivor-Lewis; TT, transthoracic; RAIL, robotic assisted Ivor-Lewis; BMI, body mass index.