Table 3. Upfront and neoadjuvant leak rate multivariate analysis.
| Variable | Upfront surgery | Neoadjuvant chemoradiation | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-PSM | PSM | Non-PSM | PSM | ||||||||||||||||
| Leak (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | Leak (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | Leak (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | Leak (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | ||||
| Age | – | 1.00 | 0.95–1.06 | 0.95 | – | 1.00 | 0.95–1.06 | 0.95 | – | 0.97 | 0.93–1.02 | 0.26 | – | 0.95 | 0.89–1.02 | 0.16 | |||
| Gender | |||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 9.5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 9.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 3.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 4.1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Female | 0 | – | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | 5.7 | 1.48 | 0.44–5.01 | 0.52 | 5.3 | 2.26 | 0.36–14.29 | 0.39 | |||
| Year | |||||||||||||||||||
| 1996–2000 | 10.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 8.2 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 2.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 2.5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| 2001–2005 | 9.3 | 1.27 | 0.36–4.48 | 0.71 | 9.5 | 1.27 | 0.36–4.48 | 0.71 | 4.2 | 1.13 | 0.12–10.62 | 0.91 | 2.5 | 0.56 | 0.04–7.03 | 0.66 | |||
| 2006–2010 | 5.8 | 0.68 | 0.18–2.56 | 0.56 | 6.3 | 0.68 | 0.18–2.56 | 0.56 | 5.6 | 1.43 | 0.16–12.76 | 0.75 | 6.9 | 0.84 | 0.07–9.82 | 0.89 | |||
| After 2010 | 9.7 | 2.05 | 0.31–13.67 | 0.46 | 9.5 | 2.05 | 0.31–13.67 | 0.46 | 2.8 | 1.14 | 0.08–15.12 | 0.92 | 8.3 | 1.1 | 0.04–31.58 | 0.95 | |||
| Histology | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 8.5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 8.2 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 4.1 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 4.7 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Squamous cell | 3.3 | 1.42 | 0.14–14.78 | 0.77 | 3.7 | 1.42 | 0.14–14.78 | 0.77 | 4.5 | 0.4 | 0.05–3.37 | 0.4 | 0 | – | – | – | |||
| Location | |||||||||||||||||||
| Middle | 0 | – | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | 3.6 | – | – | – | 7.1 | – | – | – | |||
| Lower | 5.9 | 0.25 | 0.09–0.72 | 0.01 | 4.8 | 0.25 | 0.09–0.72 | 0.01 | 5.0 | 1.11 | 0.35–3.50 | 0.86 | 3 | 0.29 | 0.06–1.34 | 0.11 | |||
| GEJ | 12.7 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 13.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 3.7 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 6.7 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Anastomosis | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cervical | 13.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 11.5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 9.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 7.4 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Thoracic | 6.8 | 0.46 | 0.14–1.48 | 0.19 | 6.8 | 0.46 | 0.14–1.48 | 0.19 | 3.1 | 0.29 | 0.10–0.87 | 0.03 | 3.4 | 0.47 | 0.08–2.60 | 0.38 | |||
| Diabetes | |||||||||||||||||||
| No | 8.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 8.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 3.9 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 4.3 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| Yes | 8.1 | 0.61 | 0.12–3.09 | 0.55 | 5.7 | 0.61 | 0.12–3.09 | 0.55 | 4.5 | 1.22 | 0.41–3.61 | 0.71 | 3.9 | 0.48 | 0.10–2.30 | 0.36 | |||
| BMI | |||||||||||||||||||
| 18.5–25 | 14.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 14.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 3.3 | 0.58 | 0.11–3.15 | 0.53 | 4.3 | 0.52 | 0.07–3.88 | 0.52 | |||
| 25.1–30 | 5.3 | 0.24 | 0.07–0.85 | 0.03 | 5.3 | 0.24 | 0.07–0.85 | 0.03 | 4.2 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 5.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||
| >30 | 5.8 | 0.29 | 0.08–0.97 | 0.04 | 5.8 | 0.29 | 0.08–0.97 | 0.04 | 0 | – | – | – | 0 | – | – | – | |||
PSM, propensity score matched; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; GEJ, gastroesophageal junction; BMI, body mass index.