Table 4. Multivariate analysis.
| Variable | Non-PSM | PSM | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Leak (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | Leak (%) | OR | 95% CI | P | ||
| Age | – | 0.99 | 0.96–1.02 | 0.53 | – | 0.99 | 0.95–1.03 | 0.68 | |
| Gender | |||||||||
| Male | 5.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 6.5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Female | 3.7 | 0.70 | 0.23–2.11 | 0.53 | 2.7 | 0.42 | 0.09–1.93 | 0.27 | |
| Year | |||||||||
| 1996–2000 | 7.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 6.2 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 2001–2005 | 6.0 | 1.06 | 0.39–2.88 | 0.91 | 5.2 | 0.94 | 0.33–2.69 | 0.91 | |
| 2006–2010 | 5.7 | 0.92 | 0.34–2.47 | 0.87 | 6.6 | 1.03 | 0.37–2.92 | 0.95 | |
| After 2010 | 4.0 | 1.02 | 0.27–3.90 | 0.98 | 9.1 | 2.04 | 0.46–9.01 | 0.35 | |
| Histology | |||||||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 5.7 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 6.5 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Squamous cell | 4.1 | 0.53 | 0.11–2.45 | 0.42 | 1.9 | 0.42 | 0.05–3.68 | 0.44 | |
| Location | |||||||||
| Middle | 2.4 | 0.35 | 0.04–3.05 | 0.34 | 3.7 | 0.46 | 0.05–4.23 | 0.49 | |
| Lower | 5.3 | 0.59 | 0.29–1.16 | 0.13 | 3.8 | 0.33 | 0.15–0.73 | 0.01 | |
| GEJ | 7.2 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 10.7 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Anastomosis | |||||||||
| Cervical | 11.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 9.4 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Thoracic | 4.4 | 0.32 | 0.15–0.68 | 0.003 | 5.1 | 0.38 | 0.16–0.90 | 0.03 | |
| Neoadjuvant | |||||||||
| No | 8.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 7.7 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 4.1 | 0.48 | 0.23–0.98 | 0.04 | 4.2 | 0.55 | 0.25–1.22 | 0.14 | |
| Diabetes | |||||||||
| No | 5.0 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 5.8 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 8.1 | 1.73 | 0.76–3.96 | 0.19 | 7.1 | 1.25 | 0.44–3.56 | 0.67 | |
| BMI | |||||||||
| 18.5–25 | 7.3 | Ref | Ref | Ref | 7.4 | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| 25.1–30 | 3.1 | 0.36 | 0.15–0.87 | 0.02 | 4.3 | 0.49 | 0.18–1.36 | 0.17 | |
| >30 | 6.6 | 0.65 | 0.29–1.44 | 0.29 | 6.7 | 0.74 | 0.29–1.93 | 0.54 | |
PSM, propensity score matched; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; GEJ, gastroesophageal junction; BMI, body mass index.