Table 2. Retrospective studies.
| Study | Year | Pt. No | Age median (min-max), yrs | Dose schedule | CP-A, number (%) | Median follow-up (months) | LC | PFS | OS | Toxicity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sanuki | 2014 | 185 | 35-Gy: 73 40-Gy: 74 |
35 Gy/5 fx (CP-A and CP-B) 40 Gy/5 fx (CP-B) |
A: 158 B: 27 |
24 | Overall: 91% (3-yr) | 35-Gy: 92.9% (3-yr) 40-Gy: 87.5% (3-yr) |
Overall: 70% (3-yr) | G3+: 24 (13.0%) of pts. G5 liver failure in 2 pts receiving 35 Gy |
| Lo | 2017 | 152 | 64 | Median 45 Gy/5 fx | A: 119 B: 33 |
10 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Jun | 2017 | 117 | 59 | 54.7 Gy/3 fx | A: 89 B: 28 |
22.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Que | 2016 | 115 | <60 yo: 37 >60 yo: 78 |
26–40 Gy/3–5 fx | A: 104 B: 11 |
15.5 | In-field recurrence free rate: 85.3% (1-yr) 81.6% (2-yr). Out-field recurrence free rate: 51.5% (1-yr) 49.5% (2-yr) |
42.8% (1-yr) 38.8% (2-yr) |
63% (1-yr) 41.3% (2-yr) |
G1-2 fatigue (59%) G3+ liver: 8 pts (3 non-classic RILD, 5 due to disease progression) |
| Velec | 2017 | 114 | NA | NA | A: 101 B: 13 |
NA | NA | NA | NA | 26% developed toxicity, as defined by CP score increase ≥2 at 3 months from completing SBRT in absence of HCC progression |
| Liang | 2016 | 104 | 55 | Median 45 Gy/3 fx | A: 94 B: 10 |
5.5 (i.e., 22 week) | 62% (1-yr) 44% (2-yr) |
NA | NA | G1–2: non-HT toxicity (anorexia, fatigue): 31 (29.8%); G2–3 liver toxicity: 24 (23.1%); G4 liver toxicity: 0 (0%); CP class progression: 17 (16.3%) |
| Yoon | 2013 | 93 | 61 | 30–60 Gy/3–4 fx | A: 69 B: 24 |
25.6 | 92.1% (3-yr) 76.3% (3-yr, HCC >3 cm) 93.3% (3-yr, HCC 2.1–3 cm) 100% (3-yr, HCC ≤2 cm) |
NA | 86% (1-yr) 53.8% (3-yr) |
G3+ liver: 6 (6.5%) |
| Lo | 2017 | 89 | 68 | 25–60 Gy/4–6 fx to the 62-83% isodose curves 40 Gy/5 fx (n=19) 45 Gy/5 fx (n=18) 50 Gy/5 fx (n=14) |
A: 69 B: 20 |
NA | IFC: 78.1% (3-yr) | NA | 45.9% (1-yr) 24.3% (2-yr) |
G3+: 15 (16.9%), including 10 cases of RILD |
| Yamashita | 2015 | 79 | 73 | Mode: 48 Gy/4 fx (38/79 cases) | A: 67 B: 11 |
15 | NA | 40% (2-yr) | 53% (2-yr) | G3–4 GI: 6 (4.6%) No G3+ lab toxicities observed No classic RILD observed |
| Zhong | 2014 | 79 | Group A: 54 Group B: 51 |
33.8–39.0 Gy/12–14 fx | Group A: A: 24 B: 28 Group B: A: 28 B: 11 |
18 | In-field recurrence: Group A: 2 patients (6.1%) within 12 months Group B: 4 patients (10.3%) within 8 months |
NA | Group A: 56% (1-yr) 21% (3-yr) 6% (5-yr) Group B: 23% (1-yr) 4% (3-yr) 0% (5-yr) |
Fatigue: 28 (38.9%) G1-2 liver + GI: 4 (5.6%) and 7 (9.8%) G3 dermatitis: 3 (4.2) No other G3+ toxicity observed |
| Bibault | 2013 | 75 | 70 | Total dose 40–45 Gy/15 Gy per fx | A: 67 B: 8 |
10 | 89.8% (1-yr) 89.8% (2-yr) |
NA | 78.5% (1-yr) 50.4% (2-yr) |
Mostly G1–2 toxicities |
| Kim | 2017 | 72 | 62 | Median 77.5 Gy/3–5 fx | A: 63 B: 9 |
12.8 | NA | Local PFS: 57% (1-yr) 39% (2-yr) |
70.1% (1-yr) 45.2% (2-yr) |
G1-2 constitutional symptoms: 65% 1 episode of G4 GI toxicity (gastroduodenal perforation, recovered after primary repair) |
| Dang | 2017 | 69 | 54 | 50–60 Gy in 4-6 Gy/fx |
A: 49 B: 15 |
NA | NA | NA | 71% (1-yr) 30% (2-yr) 22% (3-yr) |
RILD 13.1% (8/61) |
| Andolino | 2011 | 60 | 59 | Median 44 Gy/3 fx | A: 36 B: 24 |
27 | 90% (2-yr) | 48% (2-yr) | 67% (2-yr) | G1–2 non-HT: 13 (21.7%) G3 liver enzymes or hyperbilirubinemia: 9 (15%) |
CP, Child-Pugh; LC, local control; PFS, progression-free survival; OS, overall survival; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; Gy, Grey; G1, 2, 3, 4, 5: Grade 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; Fx, fraction; RILD, radiation-induced liver disease; HT, hematologic toxicity; GI, gastrointestinal.