Table 1.

The values used for the parameters in the simulations

Parameters	Values
Cytoplasm conductivity	0.2↔1.2 S/m26,27
Cytoplasm permittivity	$20{ϵ}_0\leftrightarrow 80{ϵ}_0$ 26– 28
Membrane conductivity	10 nS/m↔1 μS/m26,27
Membrane permittivity	$2{ϵ}_0\leftrightarrow 20{ϵ}_0$ 26, 27, 29
Medium conductivity	1.5 S/m
Medium permittivity	$78.5{ϵ}_0$
Outer radius	2.0 μm↔8.0 μm
Inner radius	1.99 μm↔7.99 μm30

The medium properties are held constant as they experimentally controlled. The inner radius of the cell is constant relative to the outer radius of the cell, as we assume a phospholipid bilayer thickness of 10 nm.