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. 2018 Nov 7;1:188. doi: 10.1038/s42003-018-0188-2

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© This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply 2018

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Fig. 5 — APOL1 risk allele RNA increased PKR activation and proteinuria in transgenic mice. a Transgenic mice were generated with a NPHS1 promoter driving APOL1 truncated RNA. RNA was expressed in glomerular cells from all APOL1 mice, both those expressing truncated RNA mice and the BAC-APOL1 mice, as shown by in situ hybridization. APOL1 protein was present only in the BAC-APOL1 mice, as expected. APOL1 was visualized as turquoise blue and podocalyxin was as magenta. Bar represents 20 μm. b Quantification of weighted colocalization coefficient between phospho-PKR and APOL1 revealed an elevated phospho-PKR in podocytes of the NPHS1-APOL1-G1-deltaRNA mouse. A single dot represents data from one glomerulus. c NPHS1-APOL1-deltaRNA transgenic mice manifested more proteinuria following podocyte injury after initiation of puromycin aminonucleoside and basic FGF exposure, assessed as albumin per creatinine ratio (mg per g), with higher levels in NPHS1-APOL1-G1-deltaRNA transgenic mice compared to NPHS1-APOL1-G0-deltaRNA transgenic mice. Urine protein was measured on days 0, 7, and 10 after initiation of puromycin aminonucleoside and basic FGF exposure, which induce podocyte injury. Each value represents data from one mouse. d BAC-APOL1 transgenic mice manifested more proteinuria following podocyte injury after initiation of interferon γ, puromycin aminonucleoside, and basic FGF, assessed as urine albumin/creatinine ratio (g per g), with higher levels in BAC-APOL1-G2 transgenic mice compared to BAC-APOL1-G0 transgenic mice. Urine protein was measured on days 7 and 10 after initiation of puromycin aminonucleoside, basic FGF exposure, and IFNγ, which induce podocyte injury. Each value represents data from one mouse. e NPHS1-APOL1-G1-delta-RNA transgenic mice received the PKR inhibitor or vehicle. Proteinuria, assessed as urine albumin per creatinine ratio (mg/g), was significantly reduced at days 7 and 10 after podocyte injury induced by puromycin aminonucleoside plus basic FGF induction. f BAC-APOL1-G2 transgenic mice received the PKR inhibitor or vehicle. Proteinuria was assessed as urine albumin per creatinine ratio (g/g) and was significantly reduced by the PKR inhibitor at days 7 and 10 after puromycin aminonucleoside plus basic FGF plus IFNγ induction of podocyte injury. Each value is from one mouse. Each horizontal line represents mean. P values were calculated using a Wilcoxon one-tailed t-test (c). P values were calculated using a Student one-tailed t-test (b, d–f)