Table 2.
HRs (95% CIs) of CHD, Stroke, and Total CVD, According to PCE or Physical Activity Category
| Variable | No. of Person‐Years (No. of Events) | Age‐ and Treatment‐Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Multivariable‐Adjusted HR (95% CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|
| CHD | |||
| PCE | |||
| <5% | 387 838 (189) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 5%–<7.5% | 41 470 (75) | 3.98 (2.97–5.33) | 2.92 (2.13–3.98) |
| 7.5%–<10% | 22 345 (60) | 6.04 (4.33–8.43) | 4.28 (2.99–6.12) |
| ≥10% | 29 336 (134) | 10.57 (7.79–14.36) | 7.06 (4.96–10.06) |
| P value for trend | … | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity, kcal/wk | |||
| 0–199 | 121 156 (178) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 200–599 | 87 310 (87) | 0.61 (0.47–0.79) | 0.72 (0.55–0.93) |
| 600–1499 | 129 465 (100) | 0.51 (0.40–0.65) | 0.64 (0.50–0.83) |
| ≥1500 | 143 058 (93) | 0.51 (0.40–0.66) | 0.66 (0.51–0.86) |
| P value for trend | … | 0.0001 | 0.06 |
| Stroke | |||
| PCE | |||
| <5% | 387 544 (301) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 5%–<7.5% | 41 452 (94) | 2.01 (1.55–2.60) | 1.81 (1.38–2.37) |
| 7.5%–<10% | 22 351 (86) | 2.98 (2.24–3.98) | 2.65 (1.95–3.60) |
| ≥10% | 29 432 (169) | 3.87 (2.92, 5.13) | 3.33 (2.43, 4.57) |
| P value for trend | … | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity, kcal/wk | |||
| 0–199 | 120 712 (211) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 200–599 | 87 234 (141) | 0.85 (0.69–1.05) | 0.93 (0.75–1.15) |
| 600–1499 | 129 707 (165) | 0.72 (0.59–0.88) | 0.81 (0.66–1.00) |
| ≥1500 | 143 125 (133) | 0.62 (0.50–0.78) | 0.72 (0.57–0.90) |
| P value for trend | … | <0.0001 | 0.003 |
| Total CVD | |||
| PCE | |||
| <5% | 391 108 (865) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 5%–<7.5% | 41 159 (296) | 2.92 (2.53–3.39) | 2.48 (2.12–2.90) |
| 7.5%–<10% | 22 119 (223) | 3.94 (3.32–4.68) | 3.31 (2.76–3.98) |
| ≥10% | 28 820 (476) | 6.21 (5.29–7.30) | 5.09 (4.24–6.12) |
| P value for trend | … | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
| Physical activity, kcal/wk | |||
| 0–199 | 121 364 (647) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 200–599 | 87 903 (393) | 0.77 (0.68–0.88) | 0.87 (0.76–0.99) |
| 600–1499 | 130 047 (434) | 0.62 (0.55–0.70) | 0.73 (0.65–0.83) |
| ≥1500 | 143 891 (386) | 0.59 (0.52–0.67) | 0.71 (0.63–0.81) |
| P value for trend | … | <0.0001 | <0.0001 |
CHD indicates coronary heart disease; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HR, hazard ratio; and PCE, pooled cohort equation.
a
Adjusted for age; randomized treatment assignment; smoking status; consumption of alcohol, saturated fat, fiber, fruits, and vegetables; menopausal status; postmenopausal hormone use, parental history of myocardial infarction <60 years of age; physical activity (PCE model); PCE (physical activity model).