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. 2018 Oct 30;5(5):ENEURO.0397-17.2018. doi: 10.1523/ENEURO.0397-17.2018

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Light activation of striatal cholinergic interneurons but not brainstem afferents readily modulates dopamine release. A, C, Mean profiles of [DA]o ± SEM versus time evoked by 1 or 4 pulses (100 Hz) of electrical (E) stimulation alone (left), or with stimulation with light (10p/10 Hz beginning 0.5 s before electrical; right) to stimulate ChR2 expressed in either ChIs (A) or brainstem afferents (C). Data are normalized to 1p control (without light). B, D, Summary data showing mean peak [DA]o ± SEM evoked by the electrical stimulation normalized to control 1p, for ChR2-expressing ChIs (B) or brainstem afferents (D) with and without light activation (blue versus black). Two-way ANOVA with repeated measures with Sidak posttest comparisons of 1p versus 4p: **p < 0.01; N.S., p > 0.05. E, Ratio of [DA]o evoked by 4 versus 1 electrical pulses (100 Hz) with and without light stimulation (blue versus black) of either ChIs or striatal brainstem afferents. Light pre-stimulation of ChIs but not brainstem afferents significantly potentiated 4p:1p ratio of electrically evoked DA release (2-way ANOVA; Sidak posttest for with versus without light: ChI: t18 = 4.1, **p < 0.01; brainstem: t18 = 0.58, p > 0.05). F, Mean peak 1p [DA]o ± SEM, evoked by 0.7 mA and 0.3 mA electrical stimuli, with and without light prestimulation of brainstem afferents. Two-way ANOVA; Sidak posttest with versus without light: 0.7 mA: t12 = 0.29, p > 0.05; 0.3 mA: t12 = 1.2, p > 0.05. Data are in μm, n = 4 rats, n = 6 sites.