Table 2.
Individual participants' demographic characteristics and presenting problems
| Name (pseudonym) | Gender | Number of sessions | PHQ9 scoresa | GAD7 scoresa | Presenting problem (identified by clients prior to therapy) | Individual therapy | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | 6‐months | Pre | 6‐months | |||||
| Sarah | F | 3 | 22 (Severe) | 27 (Severe) | 19 (Severe) | 18 (Severe) | Problems with Mum's health issue and myself feeling depressed and unwell. | Yes (previous) |
| James | M | 5 | 4 (Subclinical) | 3 (Subclinical) | 7 (Mild) | 3 (Subclinical) | Wanting to go places (holiday) but unable due to anxiety. Expressing feelings to people. | Yes (previous) |
| Robert | M | 3 | 8 (Mild) | 5 (Mild) | 12 (Moderate) | 10 (Moderate) | Anxiety/physiological problems deriving from stress. Inability to switch off mentally/concern regarding how others view me. | Yes (previous) |
| Laura | F | 6 | 20 (Severe) | 17 (Moderate–severe) | 20 (Severe) | 21 (Severe) | Too many tasks, too little time. Lack of support, I help everyone else; they are reluctant to help me. | No previous therapy disclosed |
| John | M | 6 | 12 (Moderate) | 10 (Moderate) | 8 (Mild) | 4 (Subclinical) | Workplace colleague. Having enough work for shop floor. | No |
| Claire | F | 5 | 10 (Moderate) | 6 (Mild) | 11 (Moderate) | 4 (Subclinical) | Menopause. Work: upcoming department restructure. | No |
| Rachel | F | 4 | 13 (Moderate) | 2 (Subclinical) | 15 (Severe) | 4 (Subclinical) | Anxiety due to problems with social workers and social services (children taken away). Multiple bereavements. | Yes (previous) |
| Mike | M | 6 | 25 (Severe) | 25 (Severe) | 16 (Severe) | 15 (Severe) | Depression. Anxiety. | Yes (previous) |
| Anna | F | 5 | 11 (Moderate) | 2 (Subclinical) | 4 (Subclinical) | 2 (Subclinical) | Unemployed. Feel like a failure due to not being employed. | No |
| Catherine | F | 6 | 6 (Mild) | 14 (Moderate) | 5 (Mild) | 11 (Moderate) | Relationships with family and friends. Relationship with partner. | Yes (previous) |
| Christina | F | 5 | 8 (Mild) | 2 (Subclinical) | 10 (Moderate) | 2 (Subclinical) | Difficulty making friends and family relationships. Anxiety. | Yes (previous) |
| Dave | M | 4 | 17 (Moderate–severe) | 3 (Subclinical) | 17 (Severe) | 3 (Subclinical) | Constant worry and overthinking. Feeling as though there is something wrong with me. | Yes (subsequent) |
Note. PHQ9: Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale; GAD7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire.
a
The PHQ9 and GAD7 can be used to determine the likely severity levels of depression and anxiety (Richards & Suckling, 2009). For the PHQ9, these are as follows: not depressed 0–4; mild 5–9; moderate 10–14; moderate–severe 15–19; severe 20–27. For the GAD7, these are as follows: 0–4; mild 5–9; moderate 10–14; severe 15–21 (Richards & Suckling, 2009).