Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Controls (n = 30) | Compensated (n = 18) | AD (n = 18) | ACLF (n = 10) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 37 ± 7 | 60 ± 13 | 54 ± 14 | 56 ± 10 |
| Gender (male, %) | 15 (50%) | 12 (67%) | 5 (50%) | 13 (72%) |
| CLIF‐SOFA | n/a | n/a | 4 ± 2 | 10 ± 4 |
| MELD | n/a | 9 ± 2 | 16 ± 9 | 31 ± 9 |
| Reason for decompensation | n/a | n/a | Ascites n = 4Variceal bleeding n = 4Encephalopathy n = 10 | Sepsis n = 4Variceal bleeding n = 4SBP n = 2 |
| Haemoglobin (g/L) | n/d | 145 (113‐145) | 111 (93‐128) | 95 (77‐116) |
| WBC (× 109/L) | n/d | 5 (4‐6) | 6 (3‐9) | 10 (8‐19) |
| Platelets (× 109/L) | n/d | 119 (87‐150) | 95 (65‐132) | 89 (65‐111) |
| Albumin (g/L) | n/d | 41 (39‐45) | 33 (30‐37) | 28 (26‐33) |
| Creatinin (μmol/L) | n/d | 82 (70‐89) | 67 (56‐93) | 135 (94‐224) |
| Bilirubin (μmol/L) | n/d | 19 (11‐25) | 44 (30‐71) | 362 (116‐493) |
| AST (U/L) | n/d | 42 (37‐45) | 47 (38‐56) | 79 (50‐86) |
| ALT (U/L) | n/d | 36 (24‐43) | 25 (18‐30) | 46 (24‐61) |
| GGT (U/L) | n/d | 60 (33‐143) | 77 (47‐135) | 37 (30‐91) |
| INR | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 1.1 ± 0.1 | 1.6 ± 0.4**,*** | 2.1 ± 0.4**,**** |
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 3.3 ± 0.7 | 2.2 ± 0.9*,*** | 1.3 ± 0.3**,**** |
| Antithrombin (%) | 107 ± 11 | 88 ± 26* | 46 ± 18**,*** | 28 ± 14**,**** |
| FII (%) | 101 ± 18 | 78 ± 17** | 48 ± 16**,*** | 31 ± 10** |
| FVIII (%) | 99 ± 36 | 157 ± 42** | 146 ± 27* | 212 ± 93**,**** |
| FX (%) | 105 ± 23 | 85 ± 21* | 57 ± 20**,*** | 41 ± 15** |
ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; CLIF‐SOFA, Chronic Liver Failure‐Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; F, factor; GGT, gamma‐glutamyl transpeptidase; INR, international normalised ratio; MELD, model for end‐stage liver disease; n/a, not applicable; n/d, not determined; SBP, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis; WBC, white blood cell. Shown are means ± standard deviation or medians (interquartile range). *P < .05 vs control, **P < .01 vs control, ***P < .01 vs compensated, ****P < .01 vs AD.