Table 4.
Clinical characteristics of renal transplant recipients from organ donors who died from ligature asphyxiation compared to those who died of all other causes
| DBD donors following ligature asphyxiation (n = 294) | All other DBD donors (n = 14 382) | P value | DCD donors following ligature asphyxiation (n = 356) | All other DCD donors (n = 6662) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (y) | 43 (29‐53) | 48 (37‐58) | <.001 | 47 (38‐57) | 55 (46‐63) | <.001 |
| Male/female (%) | 182 (61.9%)/112(38.1%) | 8774 (61.0%)/5599 (39.0%) | .879 | 211 (59.3%)/143(40.2%) | 4406 (66.2%)/2250 (33.8%) | .001 |
| White ethnicity (%) | 203 (69.1%) | 11006 (76.5%) | .003 | 284 (79.8%) | 5167 (77.6%) | .396 |
| Dual kidney transplant (%) | 0 (0) | 101(0.7%) | .352 | 3 (0.8%) | 318 (4.7%) | .01 |
| cRF > 85% | 44 (15.0%) | 1805 (12.6%) | .217 | 20 (5.6%) | 293 (4.4%) | .304 |
| HLA mismatch grade | .638 | .168 | ||||
| 1 | 58 (19.7%) | 2728 (19.0%) | 9 (2.5%) | 226 (3.4%) | ||
| 2 | 124 (42.2%) | 5841 (40.6%) | 96 (26.7%) | 1581 (23.7%) | ||
| 3 | 106 (36.1%) | 5327 (37.1%) | 216 (59.8%) | 3889 (58.4%) | ||
| 4 | 6 (2.0%) | 481 (3.3%) | 40 (11.0%) | 965 (14.5%) | ||
| Cold ischaemic time | <.001 | .248 | ||||
| <12 h | 78 (27.1%) | 2662 (18.5%) | 110 (31.3%) | 1977 (30.0%) | ||
| 12‐18 h | 129 (44.8%) | 6820 (47.5%) | 162 (46.4%) | 2973 (45.1%) | ||
| 18‐24 h | 65 (22.6%) | 3354 (23.3%) | 68 (19.5%) | 1320 (20.0%) | ||
| >24 h | 16 (5.6%) | 1395 (9.7%) | 9 (2.6%) | 322 (4.9%) | ||
| Warm ischaemic time (min) | ‐ | ‐ | 7 (6‐10) | 8 (6‐10) | .796 | |
| Primary renal disease | .04 | .192 | ||||
| Diabetic nephropathy | 19 (6.4%) | 1004 (7.0%) | 26 (7.5%) | 637 (9.5%) | ||
| Glomerulonephritis | 38 (12.8%) | 2497 (17.4%) | 73 (20.8%) | 1256 (18.8%) | ||
| Pyelonephritis | 19 (6.4%) | 1218 (8.5%) | 24 (6.7%) | 462 (7.0%) | ||
| Polycystic kidney disease | 25 (8.5%) | 1515 (10.5%) | 42 (11.6%) | 1011 (15.2%) | ||
| Other | 193 (65.7%) | 8147 (56.6%) | 191 (53.5%) | 3295 (49.5%) |
cRF, calculated reaction frequency; DBD, donation after brain death; DCD, donation after circulatory death; HLA, Human Leucocyte Antigen.
HLA mismatch level (levels 1‐4) was defined according to the UK allocation policy for kidneys from brain‐death donors and was based on the mismatch between donor and recipient.14
aMissing data were <1% gender and HLA Mismacth level ethnicity and recipient sex and <2% for cold ischaemic time, 37% for warm ischaemic time.