Table 1.

Summary of the Plasmodium vivax potential and confirmed cases identified in the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the 2013 DHS

Sample name	Cluster	Pfldh	Microscopy	RDT	P. vivax–nested 18s rRNA PCR	P. vivax by RT-PCR	P. vivax by Sanger sequencing	Duffy −33 T:C mutation
B5A7N	69	N	N	N	P	P	P	P
J6V8T	69	P	P	N	P	P	P	P
M2B5U*	69	P	N	P	P	P	P	P
T6B8J	69	P	P	P	P	P	P	P
Z6W9M	69	P	N	P	P	P	P	P
X3M5S*	144	P	N	N	P	N	P	P
Q8J6O	144	N	N	N	P	P	P	P
D9U3K	144	N	N	N	P	P	P	P
G0R3B	238	P	P	P	P	N	N	P
U1P9U*	238	P	P	P	P	P	N	P
O6Y4X	238	N	N	N	P	P	P	P
P8A6E*	298	P	N	P	P	N	P	P
I4G3V	298	P	N	P	P	P	P	P
N4M7L	298	N	N	P	P	P	P	P

DHS = Demographic Health Survey; pfldh = P. falciparum lactate dehydrogenase; RDT = rapid diagnostic test; * = index cases; P = positive; N = negative. The columns above provide information on the DHS cluster the case was identified in, whether the case was coinfected with Plasmodium falciparum as identified with real-time PCR for the pfldh gene, and whether the patient was considered positive for malaria by microscopy and RDT. In addition, each isolate has results for nested 18s rRNA P. vivax PCR, P. vivax real-time PCR, and P. vivax Sanger sequencing. Finally, the host genotype was sequenced for the −33 T:C mutation that predicts the Duffy-negative phenotype.³