(A). Cell viability percentages of macrophages following the exposure to 0, 25, 50, or 100 μg/mL GNPs for 1, 3, or 6 hr. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6/group. *: p < 0.05, as compared with the control group. (B). Cellular uptake of GNPs following the exposure to 50 or 100 μg/mL GNPs for 1 or 3 hr with or without the 1 hr-pretreatment of 100 μM SSO by side scatter (SSC) using flow cytometry. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6/group. *: p < 0.05, as compared with the control group; #: p < 0.05, as compared with the 50 μg/mL GNPs group. (C). SSC fold change of macrophages following the exposure to 100 μg/mL GNPs for 2 hr with or without the 1 hr-pretreatment of 100 μM SSO, CD36 antibody, or 100 μM BLT2. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6/group. *: p < 0.05, as compared with the control group; #: p < 0.05, as compared with the 100 μg/mL GNPs group. (D). Intracellular Rhodamine 123 (R123) accumulation in macrophages exposed to 0 or 100 μg/mL GNPs with or without the 1 hr-pretreatment of CD36 antibody or 100 μM BLT2. Macrophages exposed to 100 μg/mL ZnO NPs were used as positive control. Data represent mean ± SEM, n = 6/group. *: p < 0.05, as compared with the control group; #: p < 0.05, as compared with the 100 μg/mL GNPs group.