Table 2.

Comparison of the Present Study with Other Studies Reported in the Literature for Lead in Paint Samples

Countries	Samples	Number of Samples	Average concentration	Maximum concentration	Percentage of samples with concentrations ≥ 90 ppma	Percentage of samples with concentrations ≥ 600 ppmb	Reference number
Nigeria	water-based	174	811	3231	100	72	This study
Nigeria	water-based	8	86	516	5	none	46
	oil-based	11	45	159	11	none
Nigeria	oil-based	25	14500	50000	NA	96	47
Cameroon	oil-based	61	NA	500000	66	64	48
Brazil	oil-based	20	5600	5900	35	30	41
Sri Lanka	water-based	11	4177	45743	10	10	38
	oil-based	19	25210	137325	68	68
Philippines	water-based	10	11	40	none	none	38
	oil-based	15	28354	189163	67	60
Thailand	water-based	10	3	15	none	none	38
	oil-based	17	61893	505716	47	47
Tanzania	water-based	6	22	40	none	none	38
	oil-based	20	14537	120862	100	95
South Africa	oil-based	29	19862	195289	65	62	38
Nigeria	water-based	7	8458	34598	100	100	38
	oil-based	23	36989.5	129837	100	100
Senegal	water-based	9	5.5	29	none	none	38
	oil-based	21	5866	29717	86	76
Belarus	water-based	8	58	418	none	none	38
	oil-based	22	5558	59387	82	68
Mexico	water-based	10	6	16	none	none	38
	oil-based	20	51860	163812	100	100
Brazil	water-based	7	10	14	none	none	38
	oil-based	24	15004	170258	42	37
India	oil-based	22	9411	49593	36	36	38
India	oil-based	26	16600	134000	42	35	41
India	oil-based	5	106000	290000	100	100	49
India	water-based	38	NA	140000	38	49	50
	oil-based	31	NA	NA	84	NA
India	oil-based	17	NA	NA	100	NA	51
India	oil-based	148	NA	80350	85	NA	52
Armenia	oil-based	26	25000	130000	77	77	41
Kazakhstan	oil-based	26	15700	71000	81	77	41

Note: NA-not available;

^a Present permissible limit of 90 ppm for Pb and

^b previous permissible limit of 600 ppm for Pb by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission.