Table 1.
Patients’ characteristics in nausea and non-nausea groups
| Group | Exp(B) (95% CI) | p-value | ||
| Nausea (n = 34) | Non-nausea (n = 1141) | |||
| Sex (M:F) (number) | 34 (13 : 21) | 1141 (592:549) | 1.7420 (0.8640–3.5130) | 0.1210a |
| Age (median, range) | 61 (22–80) | 60 (20–91) | 0.9860 (0.9590–1.0140) | 0.3230 |
| Underlying disease | ||||
| Asthma | 0% (0/34) | 1.75% (20/1141) | 0.0000 (0.0000–0.0000) | 0.9980 |
| Drug hypersensitivity excluding contrast hypersensitivity | 5.88% (2/34) | 1.58% (18/1141) | 3.8990 (0.8680–17.520) | 0.0760a |
| Allergic disease | 0% (0/34) | 4.21% (48/1141) | 0.0000 (0.0000–0.0000) | 0.9980 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11.76% (4/34) | 14.29% (163/1141) | 0.8000 (0.2780–2.3010) | 0.6790 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 23.53% (8/34) | 27.96% (319/1141) | 0.7930 (0.3550–1.7700) | 0.5710 |
| Chronic renal disease | 2.94% (1/34) | 2.10% (24/1141) | 1.4100 (0.1850–10.7400) | 0.7400 |
| Malignancy | 2.94% (1/34) | 1.67% (19/1141) | 1.7890 (0.2330–13.7680) | 0.5760 |
| Previous history of ICM usage | 85.29% (29/34) | 81.77% (933/1141) | 1.2930 (0.4950–0.3380) | 0.6000 |
| Previous history of allergic-like reactions to ICM | 5.88% (2/34) | 5.61% (64/1141) | 1.0520 (0.2470–4.4870) | 0.9460 |
| Premedication | ||||
| Antihistamine | 2.94% (1/34) | 1.93% (22/1141) | 1.2440 (0.0600–25.5620) | 0.8880 |
| Antihistamine + steroid | 0% (0/34) | 0.88% (10/1141) | 0.9840 (0.9269–1.0421) | 0.5839 |
| Antihistamine + antiemetics | 0% (0/34) | 0.09% (1/1141) | 0.0000 (0.0000–) | 0.9980 |
| Antiemetics | 0% (0/34) | 0.09% (1/1141) | 0.0000 (0.0000–) | 0.9980 |
| Average fasting time (hour) | ||||
| Solid food (median, interquartile range) | 13.75 (12.5–15.0) | 14 (12.5–15.5) | 0.9490 (0.8400–1.0720) | 0.4030 |
| Fluid (median, interquartile range) | 6.5 (2.0–13.0) | 11 (3.0–13.5) | 0.9510 (0.8970–1.0080) | 0.0910 |
| Culprit non-ionic ICM | ||||
| Ioversol | 11.76% (4/34) | 21.30% (243/1141) | 0.4930 (0.1720–1.4120) | 0.1880 |
| Iopamidol | 32.35% (11/34) | 24.89% (284/1141) | 1.4430 (0.6950–2.9980) | 0.3250 |
| Iohexol | 23.53% (8/34) | 12.62% (144/1141) | 2.1300 (0.9460–4.7960) | 0.0680a |
| Iobitridol | 11.76% (4/34) | 29.36% (335/1141) | 0.3210 (0.1120–0.9180) | 0.0340a,b |
| Iomeprol | 20.59% (7/34) | 11.83% (135/1141) | 1.9320 (0.8250–4.5220) | 0.1290a |
| Total dose of ICM administration (ml) (mean ± SD, 95% CI) | 89.71 ± 16.41 (83.98–95.43) |
96.33 ± 17.93 (95.29–97.37) | 0.9790 (0.9600–0.9990) | 0.0360a,b |
| Injection rate (ml/s)(mean ± SD, 95% CI) | 2.93 ± 0.80 (2.65–3.21) |
2.94 ± 0.75 (2.90–2.98) |
0.9830 (0.6230–1.5510) | 0.940 |
CI, confidence interval; ICM, iodinated contrast media; SD, standard deviation.
aIncluded for multivariate regression analysis because of less than 0.15 of the p-value.
bStatistically significant.