Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Variables | Total (n = 322) | AF (n = 79) | No AF (n = 243) | P |
| Male | 166 | 42 (53.1%) | 124 (51.0%) | 0.79 |
| Age | 70.8 ± 5.5 | 74.7 ± 5.7 | 69.6 ± 4.8 | 0.00 |
| SSS | 185 | 50 (63.3%) | 135 (55.6%) | 0.24 |
| cAVB | 75 | 22 (27.8%) | 53 (21.8%) | 0.29 |
| Heart failure* | 40 | 12 (15.2%) | 28 (11.5%) | 0.43 |
| Hypertension | 175 | 71 (89.9%) | 104 (42.8%) | 0.00 |
| Diabetes | 83 | 19 (24.1%) | 64 (26.3%) | 0.77 |
| Ischemic stroke/TIA | 47 | 12 (15.2%) | 35 (14.4%) | 0.86 |
| Vascular diseaseΔ | 37 | 12 (15.2%) | 25 (10.3%) | 0.23 |
| LAD, mm | 37.6 ± 3.8 | 41.7 ± 2.9 | 36.3 ± 3.0 | 0.00 |
| LVEDD, mm | 50.1 ± 4.9 | 50.3 ± 5.4 | 49.4 ± 4.8 | 0.24 |
| LVEF% | 56.3 ± 5.4 | 55.5 ± 4.9 | 56.6 ± 5.4 | 0.31 |
| AP% | 40.0 ± 16.4 | 45.0 ± 15.6 | 38.3 ± 16.3 | 0.01 |
| VP% | 48.7 ± 17.1 | 54.9±12.8 | 46.5 ± 17.8 | 0.00 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 3.74 ± 1.42 | 3.27 ± 1.58 | 2.56 ± 1.32 | 0.00 |
Data are presented as means ± SD or n (%). *Patient had been diagnosed with heart failure and maintained treatment when cardiac function during the perioperative period was grade I (New York Hospital Association classification); ΔOld myocardial infarction or peripheral vascular disease. AP%: atrial pacing percentage; cAVB: complete atrioventricular block; LAD: left atrial diameter; LVEDD: left ventricular enddiastolic dimension; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; SSS: sick sinus syndrome; TIA: transient ischemic attack; VP%: ventricular pacing percentage.