Table 4.

Representative tumor-derived/tumor-derived factors induced microRNAs (miRNAs) related to immune response in tumor microenvironment (TME).

Tumor-derived/tumor -derived factors induced miRNAs	Host cells	Immune-related roles in the TME	References
miR-24-3p	Th1 cells	Affects the secretion of cytokines such as IFN-γ, reduces the antitumor effect	(22)
miR-214	Tregs	Increases the secretion of IL-10 by Tregs, promotes tumor growth	(30)
miR-491	CD8+ T cells	Decreases proliferation, IFN-γ production, increases apoptosis of CD8+ T cells, enhances tumor immune escape	(36)
miR-23a	NKs	Reduces IFN-γ production and CD107a expression of NKs, enhances immunosuppressive effect	(58)
miR-212-3p, 203	DCs	Decrease expression of MHC-II, inhibit maturation and differentiation, induce immune tolerance of DCs	(63) (64)
miR-200c, 494	MDSCs	Promote MDSCs expansion and accumulation of MDSCs in tumor tissues, facilitate tumor invasion and metastasis	(67) (70)
miR-145	TAMs	Enhances the production of IL-10 and the polarization of TAMs to M2-like macrophages, promotes tumor progression	(77)