VGLL4 and CtBP2 are indispensable for TEAD4-mediated inhibition of adipogenesis.
A and B, Oil Red O staining of lentivirus-mediated knockdown of VGLL4 or CtBP2 in stably overexpressing TEAD4 3T3-L1 cell lines after adipogenic mixture induction for 7 days (A) and quantification by measurement of the absorbance at 510 nm (B). ***, p < 0.001 by Student's t test; *, p < 0.05 by Student's t test. C, immunoblot analysis of TEAD4, VGLL4, CtBP2, PPARγ, C/EBPα, and FABP4 expression in the above cell samples. GAPDH was used as an internal control. The positions of protein molecular mass markers are indicated on the right. IB, immunoblot; MW, molecular weight. D, PPARγ-Luc assay of endogenous VGLL4 or CtBP2 knockdown function on the trans-inactive effect caused by TEAD4 overexpression in 293T cells. Data are shown as mean ± S.D. (n = 3). ***, p < 0.001 by Student's t test; *, p < 0.05 by Student's t test.