. 2018 Oct 31;14(5):791–801. doi: 10.12965/jer.1836424.212

Table 5.

Blood variable changes and analysis results of the groups before and after the experiment

Variable	Time	EX	TRAD	F		P-value
Hormones
Testosterone (ng/mL)	Pre	3.38±2.17	2.65±1.44	T	4.978	0.036
	Post	4.24±2.42^a)	2.78±1.89	G	1.962	0.175
				T×G	2.644	0.118
Cortisol (μg/mL)	Pre	14.53±5.38	15.80±3.28	T	6.778	0.016
	Post	17.32±4.56^a)	17.69±3.49	G	0.312	0.582
				T×G	0.249	0.623
T/C ratio	Pre	0.24±0.12	0.19±0.14	T	0.031	0.861
	Post	0.25±0.16	0.16±0.12	G	2.174	0.154
				T×G	0.622	0.438

Immunoglobulins (mg/dL)
IgA	Pre	220.38±57.63	227.83±74.94	T	0.462	0.503
	Post	215.23±58.74	240.25±81.91	G	0.363	0.553
				T×G	2.706	0.114
Ig	Pre	1,171.9±220.8	1,299.8±134.7	T	4.582	0.043
	Post	1,139.1±215.2	1,212.9±157.2^a)	G	2.106	0.160
				T×G	0.938	0.343
IgM	Pre	115.69±43.14	105.75±43.03	T	1.094	0.306
	Post	113.62±43.79	102.50±39.51	G	0.393	0.537
				T×G	0.053	0.820

Cytokines (pg/mL)
TNF-α	Pre	1.83±0.11^b)	1.96±0.19	T	11.150	0.003
	Post	1.84±0.10^a,^b)	1.98±0.18^a)	G	5.119	0.033
				T×G	0.836	0.370
IL-6	Pre	0.84±0.08^b)	1.14±0.36	T	9.108	0.006
	Post	0.79±0.06^a,^b)	1.05±0.31	G	9.403	0.005
				T×G	0.797	0.381
IL-1β	Pre	0.50±0.11	0.51±0.11	T	31.895	0.000
	Post	0.52±0.12^a)	0.53±0.10^a)	G	0.027	0.871
				T×G	0.002	0.966

Cell counts
WBC (×10³/μL)	Pre	6.98±1.42	6.88±1.34	T	0.642	0.431
	Post	5.95±1.57	6.95±3.86	G	0.444	0.512
				T×G	0.830	0.372
Neutrophils (%)	Pre	56.72±3.91	56.34±4.39	T	0.020	0.888
	Post	57.03±3.71	56.10±4.00	G	0.172	0.682
				T×G	1.243	0.276
Lymphocytes (%)	Pre	26.59±8.34	27.04±6.17	T	2.032	0.167
	Post	30.07±10.51	28.75±8.35	G	0.023	0.882
				T×G	0.236	0.631
Monocytes (%)	Pre	4.88±1.50	4.12±1.42	T	9.741	0.005
	Post	4.99±1.52^a)	4.25±1.49	G	1.627	0.215
				T×G	0.110	0.743
Eosinophils (%)	Pre	3.75±0.72	3.58±0.89	T	3.879	0.061
	Post	3.72±0.68	3.46±0.86	G	0.466	0.502
				T×G	1.317	0.263
Basophils (%)	Pre	0.13±0.05	0.16±0.05	T	1.212	0.282
	Post	0.15±0.05	0.16±0.05	G	0.849	0.366
				T×G	1.212	0.282
Hc (%)	Pre	47.00±7.06	53.97±7.32	T	1.228	0.279
	Post	50.02±6.21^a)	54.72±6.99	G	7.679	0.011
				T×G	0.443	0.512

CRP (mg/L)	Pre	0.20±0.34	0.12±0.09	T	0.164	0.689
	Post	0.32±0.61	0.08±0.11	G	2.420	0.133
				T×G	0.659	0.425

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. n=25 (EX, n=13; TRAD, n=12).

EX, experimental group (6%±2% weight reduction); TRAD, traditional group (16%±4% weight reduction); G, group; T, time; G×T, interaction effect; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin; WBC, white blood cell; Hct, hematocrit; CRP, C-reactive protein.

^a)

Pretest.

^b)

TRAD group.