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Filament morphology of plasmid-borne flagellin mutants visualized via fluorescence microscopy. Alexa Fluor 488 maleimide labeling of A. tumefaciens derivatives from ΔflaA (top row) and ΔflaACD (bottom row) strains. Flagellin constructs are expressed from Plac-PflaA or Plac-PflaB (as indicated). Mutants express either FlaACys or FlaBCys or SD*-FlaBCys and FlaAN129YCys or FlaBY129NCys, as indicated. Scale bar is 10 μm and applies to all images.
