Table 2.
Amino acid concentrations (mg/L) in grapes from untreated (CK) and treated vineyards.
| Family | Amino Acid | 2015 | 2016 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RDI-1 | RDI-2 | RDI-3 | CK | RDI-1 | RDI-2 | RDI-3 | CK | ||
| Serine | Cys | 5.96 ± 1.81a | 7.92 ± 1.13a | 10.78 ± 0.05a | 8.55 ± 0.40a | 5.76 ± 0.07a | 6.70 ± 0.69a | 8.43 ± 0.49a | 6.17 ± 0.84a |
| Ser | 35.26 ± 1.21b | 38.56 ± 1.02ab | 41.24 ± 3.01a | 39.25 ± 1.78ab | 33.58 ± 0.24ab | 28.543 ± 2.01b | 42.75 ± 2.06a | 30.52 ± 0.78b | |
| Gly | 3.18 ± 0.45c | 3.40 ± 0.20c | 7.26 ± 0.43a | 7.82 ± 0.10b | 4.92 ± 0.01ab | 2.08 ± 0.29b | 8.96 ± 0.18a | 2.77 ± 0.11b | |
| Aromatic amino acids | Phe | 15.58 ± 0.85c | 16.85 ± 0.45c | 26.41 ± 0.77a | 20.00 ± 0.88b | 17.12 ± 1.39b | 15.26 ± 1.33c | 18.71 ± 0.97a | 16.18 ± 0.90bc |
| Trp | 11.24 ± 0.48ab | 6.95 ± 0.21c | 15.49 ± 0.89a | 9.54 ± 0.32b | 15.88 ± 0.54a | 6.21 ± 0.81c | 14.39 ± 0.31a | 8.82 ± 0.35b | |
| Aspartate | Ile | 8.61 ± 1.04c | 7.62 ± 0.64c | 17.62 ± 1.05a | 12.34 ± 0.62b | 10.65 ± 0.95b | 12.06 ± 0.95b | 19.17 ± 0.92a | 8.14 ± 0.98b |
| Asp | 20.16 ± 0.86b | 25.31 ± 0.73a | 25.08 ± 0.76a | 21.55 ± 0.56b | 18.99 ± 1.61bc | 18.28 ± 0.79c | 23.16 ± 0.44a | 21.34 ± 1.08ab | |
| Lys | 2.51 ± 0.81b | 2.45 ± 0.21b | 5.21 ± 0.21a | 3.45 ± 0.12b | 3.01 ± 0.32b | 1.98 ± 0.08b | 4.30 ± 0.05a | 2.68 ± 0.0.31b | |
| Met | 1.64 ± 0.04c | 1.58 ± 0.15c | 4.95 ± 0.75a | 3.21 ± 0.09b | 2.41 ± 0.21b | 1.02 ± 0.01d | 5.01 ± 0.02a | 1.95 ± 0.04c | |
| Thr | 47.62 ± 2.68b | 51.26 ± 1.53b | 57.24 ± 0.92a | 57.32 ± 1.46a | 47.76 ± 1.23ab | 47.85 ± 0.69ab | 49.56 ± 0.60a | 44.55 ± 3.15b | |
| Glutamate | Arg | 330.19 ± 2.61b | 336.47 ± 3.13b | 354.54 ± 1.52a | 346.57 ± 1.26a | 320.54 ± 1.01b | 308.47 ± 0.30c | 334.85 ± 6.09a | 317.55 ± 4.37bc |
| Glu | 69.74 ± 1.53c | 82.42 ± 2.13b | 89.85 ± 0.84a | 70.45 ± 0.17c | 64.45 ± 2.01a | 40.54 ± 0.99c | 66.37 ± 0.66a | 54.25 ± 1.45b | |
| His | 16.32 ± 1.04c | 15.21 ± 0.98c | 27.39 ± 2.30a | 21.52 ± 1.51b | 22.17 ± 1.64ab | 15.05 ± 0.95c | 25.45 ± 2.01a | 18.95 ± 1.01bc | |
| Pro | 195.77 ± 1.61a | 139.45 ± 2.59b | 122.26 ± 10.36b | 105.12 ± 5.526c | 155.49 ± 0.82a | 145.46 ± 2.04b | 119.89 ± 3.80c | 115.64 ± 1.84c | |
| Pyruvate | Leu | 15.95 ± 1.58c | 24.58 ± 1.08b | 31.05 ± 22.85a | 21.95 ± 2.84b | 17.82 ± 1.84b | 15.24 ± 2.01b | 29.54 ± 2.54a | 14.85 ± 0.54b |
| Ala | 35.78 ± 4.18b | 63.83 ± 3.69a | 74.70 ± 59.24a | 67.94 ± 0.67a | 51.65 ± 2.75b | 31.20 ± 0.87d | 71.03 ± 2.74a | 43.57 ± 0.72c | |
| Val | 13.51 ± 1.59c | 12.95 ± 1.52c | 27.62 ± 2.81a | 20.12 ± 0.43b | 22.57 ± 1.24a | 20.14 ± 0.76a | 24.32 ± 2.31a | 15.89 ± 0.81b | |
Different letters in the row indicate significant differences (p < 0.05) among treatments for the same vintage.