Table 2.
Acid content in the flax and hemp fiber. Results are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD), n = 4. Lower-case letters indicate significant differences at p ≤ 0.05 according to the Tukay’s HSD test.
| Degumming Method | Variety | Content of Acids: | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Syringic [mg/100 g] |
Sinapinic [mg/100 g] |
p-Coumaric [mg/100 g] |
Ferulic [mg/100 g] |
||||||
| Result | ±SD | Result | ±SD | Result | ±SD | Result | ±SD | ||
| HEMP | |||||||||
| Water retting | Beniko | 0.031 a | 0.001 | -* a | - | 0.722 a,b | 0.019 | -* a | - |
| Wojko | 0.046 | 0.001 | 0.048 | 0.002 | 0.741 a | 0.006 | 0.027 a | 0.001 | |
| Tygra | 0.036 | 0.001 | 0.100 | 0.003 | 0.695 b | 0.034 | 0.572 | 0.031 | |
| Białobrzeskie | 0.033 a | 0.001 | -* a | - | 0.024 | 0.006 | -* a | - | |
| Decortication | 0.224 | 0.011 | 0.672 | 0.023 | 0.746 | 0.008 | 2.082 | 0.036 | |
| Dew retting | 0.079 | 0.003 | -* a | - | 0.717 | 0.008 | 0.039 a | 0.004 | |
| Water retting | Białobrzeskie | 0.033 | 0.001 | -* a | - | 0.024 | 0.006 | -* a | - |
| Osmotic degumming | 0.094 | 0.003 | -* a | - | 1.111 | 0.011 | 0.625 | 0.009 | |
| FLAX | |||||||||
| Decortication | 0.235 | 0.008 | -* a | - | 0.995 | 0.024 | 5.749 | 0.159 | |
| Wet degumming + ultrasound | Modran | -* | - | -* a | - | -* a | - | 0.041 | 0.002 |
| Cottonization | 0.035 | 0.002 | -* a | - | -* a | - | 1.206 | 0.053 | |
| Decortication | -* a | - | -* a | - | -* a | - | 1.485 | 0.034 | |
| Wet degumming + ultrasound | NIKE | -* a | - | -* | - | -* a | - | 0.054 | 0.001 |
| Cottonization | -* a | - | -* a | - | -* a | - | 1.035 | 0.020 | |
| Decortication | 0.125 | 0.060 | -* a | - | 0.904 | 0.009 | 3.146 | 0.106 | |
| Wet degumming + ultrasound | B14 IUNG | 0.052 a | 0.002 | -* a | - | 0.027 | 0.008 | 2.525 | 0.106 |
| Cottonization | 0.040 a | 0.001 | -* a | - | 0.756 | 0.034 | 1.736 | 0.045 | |
-* not identified; a,b—represent the groups for which the mean values do not differ statistically at the assumed significance level. The mean values labelled with the same letter (a or b) do not differ statistically at (α = 0.05).