Figure 1.
Structure of phenolic compounds involved in the lignan macromolecular complex. (A) Structure of the complex components: (1) secoisolariciresinol (R = H), or secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG, R = β-d-glucose), (2) herbacetin (R = H) or herbacetin diglucoside (HDG, R = β-d-glucose), (3) p-coumaric acid (R = H), or p-coumaric acid glucoside (CouG, R = β-d-glucose), (4) caffeic acid (R = H) or caffeic acid glucoside (CafG, R = β-d-glucose), (5) ferulic acid (R = H) or ferulic acid glucoside (FerG, R = β-d-glucose), (6) hydroxymethylglutaric acid (HMGA). (B) Schematic representation of lignan macromolecule, where a unit of SDG or HDG is ester-linked to another unit, thanks to HMGA, which can be replaced by one hydroxycinnamic acid glucoside (HCAG) unit (CouG, CafG, or FerG) in terminal position of the chain.