Table 3.
Influence of the cultivar (C), cultivation site (L), and year (Y) on the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of flaxseed extracts.
| Cultivar | Location_Year | FRAP a | ORAC a | Iron Chelation b | MDA Inhibition c |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Astral | AIR_05 | 252.55 ± 2.45 | 281.55 ± 11.16 | 9.57 ± 0.25 | 37.10 ± 0.28 |
| CHA_05 | 264.41 ± 10.28 | 317.87 ± 8.00 | 10.11 ± 0.41 | 36.95 ± 0.43 | |
| GAM_03 | 322.81 ± 1.41 | 263.13 ± 11.91 | 9.66 ± 0.12 | 38.47 ± 0.75 | |
| GAM_04 | 276.68 ± 4.33 | 312.34 ± 1.12 | 9.31 ± 0.53 | 37.71 ± 1.18 | |
| GAM_05 | 252.55 ± 5.23 | 263.92 ± 4.56 | 9.57 ± 0.22 | 38.17 ± 1.07 | |
| Barbara | AIR_05 | 332.55 ± 4.57 | 339.45 ± 1.95 | 11.97 ± 0.19 | 45.95 ± 2.26 |
| CHA_05 | 317.61 ± 9.33 | 341.29 ± 16.09 | 11.35 ± 0.72 | 44.58 ± 1.08 | |
| GAM_03 | 292.81 ± 5.84 | 329.45 ± 8.65 | 11.79 ± 0.06 | 43.05 ± 3.23 | |
| GAM_04 | 296.41 ± 8.20 | 336.55 ± 2.14 | 12.32 ± 0.53 | 46.41 ± 0.43 | |
| GAM_05 | 331.48 ± 5.23 | 309.45 ± 3.72 | 10.99 ± 0.28 | 45.65 ± 1.94 | |
| Baladin | AIR_05 | 217.35 ± 4.67 | 286.82 ± 2.79 | 8.69 ± 0.31 | 33.44 ± 2.16 |
| CHA_05 | 240.55 ± 6.31 | 334.18 ± 5.95 | 8.24 ± 0.44 | 33.28 ± 0.97 | |
| GAM_03 | 254.01 ± 2.30 | 307.61 ± 4.18 | 8.16 ± 0.43 | 32.06 ± 0.64 | |
| GAM_04 | 288.41 ± 11.27 | 321.82 ± 2.60 | 8.87 ± 0.06 | 28.85 ± 0.43 | |
| GAM_05 | 255.08 ± 14.24 | 281.03 ± 2.70 | 7.80 ± 0.59 | 34.50 ± 2.16 | |
| Baïkal | AIR_05 | 262.01 ± 3.21 | 278.66 ± 5.76 | 8.42 ± 0.37 | 25.34 ± 1.18 |
| CHA_05 | 274.95 ± 3.49 | 281.03 ± 2.79 | 8.16 ± 0.40 | 24.89 ± 1.19 | |
| GAM_03 | 227.61 ± 1.41 | 305.24 ± 2.32 | 7.18 ± 0.56 | 23.66 ± 1.62 | |
| GAM_04 | 243.75 ± 5.42 | 269.97 ± 4.09 | 7.62 ± 0.55 | 21.68 ± 3.13 | |
| GAM_05 | 243.78 ± 1.27 | 286.29 ± 2.51 | 8.07 ± 0.12 | 26.11 ± 0.86 | |
| Oliver | AIR_05 | 350.68 ± 0.81 | 368.66 ± 21.39 | 14.45 ± 0.25 | 47.02 ± 2.16 |
| CHA_05 | 306.28 ± 5.27 | 374.45 ± 6.42 | 14.54 ± 0.44 | 46.87 ± 1.19 | |
| GAM_03 | 302.41 ± 6.17 | 278.92 ± 5.39 | 13.74 ± 0.38 | 43.21 ± 0.75 | |
| GAM_04 | 355.75 ± 8.20 | 326.55 ± 2.70 | 14.72 ± 0.47 | 45.34 ± 2.37 | |
| GAM_05 | 343.08 ± 5.28 | 375.76 ± 7.91 | 14.10 ± 0.38 | 46.87 ± 1.40 | |
| F values | Genetic (C) | 11.91 *** | 5.37 *** | 188.00 *** | 161.33 *** |
| Location (L) | 0.02 | 1.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | |
| Year (Y) | 0.06 | 0.15 | 0.04 | 0.08 | |
| C × L | 7.20 ** | 4.59 ** | 133.03 *** | 105.31 *** | |
| C × Y | 7.34 ** | 3.40 * | 133.16 *** | 130.60 *** | |
| Y × L | 0.03 | 0.64 | 0.04 | 0.06 | |
| C × L × Y | 4.91 * | 3.41 * | 114.80 *** | 109.27 *** |
a expressed in mM of Trolox C equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC); b expressed in µM of fixed Fe2+; c expressed in % inhibition of MDA formation relative to control cells; values are mean ± SD of 4 independent replicates. ANOVA, F represents the effect. Significance level: * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.