| EST | expressed sequence tag |
| SSR | simple sequence repeat |
| RAPD | random amplification of polymorphic DNA |
| ISSR | inter-simple sequence repeat |
| SRAP | sequence-related amplified polymorphism |
| QTL | quantitative trait loci |
| BLASTX | Basic Local Alignment Search Tool X |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| GO | gene ontology |