Table 1.
Composition of the basal diet in each feeding phase
| Items | 0–12 d | 13–22 d | 23–33 d | 34–43 d |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ingredients, g/100 g | ||||
| Corn | 33.4 | 36.7 | 19.2 | 15.0 |
| White corn | 0.00 | 0.00 | 15.0 | 18.1 |
| Wheat | 20.0 | 20.0 | 25.0 | 30.0 |
| Vegetable oil | 2.45 | 2.68 | 3.61 | 3.97 |
| Soybean meal 48% | 18.2 | 20.2 | 14.2 | 9.33 |
| Full-fat soybean | 10.0 | 10.0 | 15.0 | 15.0 |
| Concentrated SBM | 5.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Corn gluten | 2.00 | 2.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Pea | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
| Sunflower | 2.00 | 2.00 | 2.00 | 3.00 |
| Lysine sulphate | 0.54 | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.43 |
| DL-Methionine | 0.29 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Methionine hydroxy analogue | 0.00 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.26 |
| L-Threonine | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.08 |
| Choline chloride | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.05 | 0.00 |
| Calcium carbonate | 0.53 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.69 |
| Dicalcium phosphate | 1.29 | 0.80 | 0.47 | 0.21 |
| Sodium chloride | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.23 | 0.21 |
| Sodium bicarbonate | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.15 | 0.25 |
| Premix vit.-min.1 | 0.54 | 0.46 | 0.38 | 0.30 |
| Phytase | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Xylanase | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 |
| Emulsifier | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 |
| Proximate composition | ||||
| AME, MJ/kg | 13.0 | 13.2 | 13.7 | 13.9 |
| Dry mattera, % | 88.8 | 88.2 | 88.5 | 88.5 |
| Crude proteina, % | 23.2 | 22.8 | 19.8 | 18.2 |
| Total lipida, % | 6.25 | 6.51 | 8.29 | 8.64 |
| Crude fiber, % | 2.96 | 2.92 | 2.99 | 3.08 |
| Asha, % | 5.24 | 4.60 | 4.29 | 4.03 |
| Ca (total), % | 0.77 | 0.62 | 0.55 | 0.50 |
| P (total), % | 0.61 | 0.51 | 0.44 | 0.38 |
| Dig. Lysinea, % | 1.25 | 1.15 | 1.05 | 0.94 |
| Dig. Argininea, % | 1.32 | 1.21 | 1.11 | 1.00 |
| Dig. Met. + Cysa, % | 0.93 | 0.85 | 0.79 | 0.70 |
| Dig. Threoninea, % | 0.81 | 0.75 | 0.68 | 0.61 |
| Dig. Valinea, % | 0.94 | 0.87 | 0.79 | 0.72 |
| Dig. Isoleucinea, % | 0.84 | 0.77 | 0.70 | 0.63 |
| Dig. Arg:Lys | 1.05 | 1.05 | 1.06 | 1.07 |
| Dig. Lys:AME, g/MJ | 0.96 | 0.87 | 0.77 | 0.68 |
1 Provided the following per kg of starter diet: vitamin A (retinyl acetate), 13,000 IU; vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), 4000 IU; vitamin E (DL-α-tocopheryl acetate), 80 IU; vitamin K (menadione sodium bisulfite), 3 mg; riboflavin, 6.0 mg; pantothenic acid, 6.0 mg; niacin, 20 mg; pyridoxine, 2 mg; folic acid, 0.5 mg; biotin, 0.10 mg; thiamine, 2.5 mg; vitamin B12 20 μg; Mn, 100 mg; Zn, 85 mg; Fe, 30 mg; Cu, 10 mg; I, 1.5 mg; Se, 0.2 mg; ethoxyquin, 100 mg
aAnalysed values. Amino acid concentration of the experimental diets was analyzed by AMINOLab® (Evonik Industries, Hanau, Germany). Digestible amino acid (dig.) values were calculated by multiplying digestibility coefficients [23] to the analyzed total amino acid content of each ingredient