Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors of our study population
| Variable | All | Control | Prediabetes | Diabetes |
| N = 384 | N = 235 (61.2%) | N = 97 (25.3%) | N = 52 (13.5%) | |
| Age, years | 56.2 ± 9.2 | 54.0 ± 8.7 | 58.5 ± 8.9 | 62.1 ± 8.3 |
| Male gender | 223 (58.1%) | 121 (51.5%) | 63 (64.9%) | 39 (75.0%) |
| Weight, kg | 82.5 ± 15.9 | 78.6 ± 15.4 | 88.8 ± 13.4 | 88.1 ± 17.3 |
| Height, cm | 171.7 ± 9.7 | 171.6 ± 10.3 | 172.2 ± 9.4 | 171.5 ± 7.8 |
| BMI, kg m–2 | 27.9 ± 4.7 | 26.6 ± 4.2 | 30.0 ± 4.5 | 29.9 ± 4.9 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 98.0 ± 13.8 | 93.4 ± 12.5 | 104.4 ± 11.7 | 106.9 ± 14.1 |
| Waist-to-hip-ratio | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.1 |
| Hypertension | 128 (33.3%) | 49 (20.9%) | 43 (44.3%) | 36 (69.2%) |
| HbA1c, % | 5.6 ± 0.7 | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 6.7 ± 1.3 |
| HDL, mg dl–1 | 61.9 ± 17.7 | 65.1 ± 17.9 | 58.7 ± 14.3 | 53.8 ± 18.9 |
| LDL, mg dl–1 | 139.4 ± 32.6 | 138.2 ± 31.5 | 146.1 ± 30.3 | 132.8 ± 39.4 |
| Triglycerides, mg dl–1 | 131.5 ± 85.8 | 107.5 ± 64.3 | 152.0 ± 82.8 | 201.3 ± 122.3 |
| Total cholesterol, mg dl–1 | 217.7 ± 36.2 | 215.7 ± 35.6 | 225.5 ± 31.5 | 212.6 ± 44.7 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Never smoker | 141 (36.7%) | 92 (39.1%) | 34 (35.1%) | 15 (28.8%) |
| Ex-smoker | 165 (43.0%) | 91 (38.7%) | 45 (46.4%) | 29 (55.8%) |
| Smoker | 78 (20.3%) | 52 (22.1%) | 18 (18.6%) | 8 (15.4%) |
BMI, body mass index; LDL, low density lipoprotein; HDL, high density lipoprotein.
Data are presented as arithmetic means ± standard deviations (continuous variables) or counts and percentages (categorical variables).