Table 2.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients initiating second-line antiretroviral therapy from 1 April 2004 to 10 January 2016
| Variables | Total [N = 7708] |
|---|---|
| Sex at second-line initiation | |
| Female | 5010 (65.0) |
| Male | 2698 (35.0) |
| Age at second-line initiation, years | |
| Median (IQR) | 37.4 (32.3–43.9) |
| 18–29 | 1220 (15.8) |
| 30–39 | 3489 (45.3) |
| ≥ 40 | 2999 (38.9) |
| CD4 cell count at second-line initiation, cells/mm3 | |
| Median (IQR) | 212 (101–344) |
| 0–199 | 1436 (47.2) |
| 200–349 | 864 (28.4) |
| ≥ 350 | 742 (24.4) |
| Viral load at second-line initiation, copies/mL | |
| Median (IQR) | 11,841 (2100–60,784) |
| < 1000 | 941 (17.0) |
| 1000–9999 | 1686 (30.5) |
| ≥ 10,000 | 2896 (52.4) |
| BMI at second-line initiation | |
| Underweight | 440 (7.8) |
| Normal | 2681 (47.8) |
| Overweight | 1530 (27.3) |
| Obese | 959 (17.1) |
| WHO stage at second-line initiation | |
| I | 2580 (62.8) |
| II | 582 (14.2) |
| III/IV | 944 (23.0) |
| Time on first-line ART before the switch, months | |
| Median (IQR) | 25.5 (13.8–44.8) |
| 0–12 | 1564 (20.3) |
| 12–24 | 2086 (27.1) |
| ≥ 24 | 4058 (52.7) |
| Regimen at second-line initiation | |
| 3TC + ABC + LPVr | 238 (3.1) |
| AZT + 3TC + LPVr/ATVr | 2686 (34.9) |
| AZT + ddI + LPVr | 1501 (19.5) |
| TDF + FTC/3TC + LPVr | 3283 (42.6) |
| Year of second-line initiation | |
| 2004–2009 | 1895 (24.6) |
| 2010–2012 | 3618 (46.9) |
| 2013–2016 | 2195 (28.5) |
| Non-ARV comedication at second-line initiation | |
| No | 4752 (61.7) |
| Yes | 2956 (38.4) |
| *Time (days) to first AE in the first 24 months of second-line ART | |
| Median (IQR) | 84 (28–237) |
| 0–90 | 1810 (52.8) |
| 91–180 | 547 (16.0) |
| ≥ 181 | 1072 (31.3) |
| Time (days) to first AE in the first 24 months of second-line ART by initial second-line regimen [medium (IQR)]* | |
| ABC + 3TC + LPVr/ATVr | 57 (5–155) |
| AZT + 3TC + LPVr/ATVr | 56 (26–181) |
| AZT + ddI + LPVr | 85 (28–224) |
| TDF + FTC/3TC + LPVr | 134 (28–308) |
Data are expressed as n (%) unless otherwise specified
IQR interquartile range, BMI body mass index, WHO World Health Organization, ART antiretroviral therapy, ARV antiretroviral, 3TC lamivudine, ABC abacavir, LPVr lopinavir/ritonavir, ATVr atazanavir/ritonavir, AZT zidovudine, ddI didanosine, TDF tenofovir, FTC emtricitabine, AE adverse event