Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of people with high-risk foot screening assessment and main outcomes
| Covariate | All | No ulcer | Active ulcer | Healed ulcer | p valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants, n | 17,353 | 13,206 | 1731 | 2416 | |
| Age, years | 70.1 (12.2) | 70.36 (12.1) | 67.74 (12.5) | 70.14 (12.2) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, mmol/mol | 61.1 (19.5) | 60.28 (19.2) | 66.5 (20.9) | 62.0 (19.4) | <0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 7.7 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 7.8 | |
| Duration of diabetes, months | 115 (58–192) | 103 (50–178) | 156 (92–237) | 152 (92–234) | <0.001 |
| Treatment, % | |||||
| Lifestyle | 41.9 | 42.7 | 39.7 | 38.9 | <0.001 |
| Tablet/GLP-1 agonist | 29.8 | 31.6 | 21.7 | 26.3 | |
| Insulin | 28.3 | 25.7 | 38.6 | 34.8 | |
| History of CVD, % | 39.7 | 40.5 | 36.2 | 37.6 | <0.001 |
| Sex, % male | 56.1 | 55.8 | 60.0 | 54.7 | 0.001 |
| eGFR, % | |||||
| <30 ml min−1 [1.73 m]−2 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 7.3 | 6.6 | <0.001 |
| 30–60 ml min−1 [1.73 m]−2 | 59.2 | 60.4 | 51.0 | 58.4 | |
| >60 ml min−1 [1.73 m]−2 | 35.6 | 34.8 | 41.7 | 35.0 | |
Data are shown as mean (SD) or median (interquartile range), unless stated otherwise
aANOVA for age, Kruskal–Wallis for duration of diabetes, χ2 test for the other categorical variables. Differences between the three groups (no ulcer, active ulcer and healed ulcer) were classified as significant if p < 0.05
CVD, cardiovascular disease